*Gastric reflux (time to development is proportional to the distance to the intestinal segment involved, e.g. 4 hours with duodenal obstruction(147). '''''NB: nasogastric intubation does not preclude the possibility of gastric rupture(146).'''''
*Ingesta appears at the nares in severe cases
*Ingesta appears at the nares in severe cases
+
*Gastric reflux
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NB: the time to development of reflux is proportional to the distance to the intestinal segment involved, (e.g. 4 hours with duodenal obstruction(147)). Furthermore, '''''nasogastric intubation does not preclude the possibility of gastric rupture(146).'''''