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| | ===Clinical Signs=== | | ===Clinical Signs=== |
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| − | First clinical signs are characterized by lethargy,
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| − | dehydration, anorexia, and weight loss followed by a more
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| − | pronounced clinical manifestation depending on the predominantly
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| − | affected organ. Development of a biphasic fever
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| − | represents another characteristic clinical finding (Wright
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| − | et al., 1974). A transient fever and the onset of lymphopenia
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| − | can be observed 3–6 days pi (Krakowka et al., 1980) and
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| − | coincide with the first viremia that results in a generalized
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| − | infection of all lymphoid tissues including spleen, thymus,
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| − | lymph nodes, bone marrow, mucosa-associated lymphatic
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| − | tissues(MALT) and macrophages in the lamina propria of the
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| − | gastrointestinal tract (Appel, 1970; Wright et al., 1974), as
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| − | well as hepatic Kupffer cells (Appel, 1987). Viremia occurs
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| − | by spread of cell free virus as well as leukocyte and
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| − | thrombocyte associated infectious pathogens. The second
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| − | viremia follows several days later, frequently associated
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| − | with high fever, and results in infection of parenchymal and
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| − | tissue cells throughout the body (Appel, 1969; Appel and
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| − | Gillespie, 1972; Blixenkrone-Møller, 1989; Blixenkrone-
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| − | Møller et al., 1989; Okita et al., 1997). Thus, CDV can be
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| − | found in cells of the respiratory, gastrointestinal and urinary
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| − | tract, endocrine system, lymphoid tissues, central nervous
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| − | systemand vasculature including keratinocytes, fibroblasts,
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| − | thrombocytes and different lymphoid cell subsets, aswell as
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| − | bronchial, endothelial, epithelial and neuroectodermal cells
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| − | (Baumga¨ rtner et al., 1989; Gro¨ne et al., 2004a,b; Koutinas
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| − | et al., 2004).
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| | 5.2. Clinical manifestations | | 5.2. Clinical manifestations |
| | According to clinical features a catarrhal and nervous | | According to clinical features a catarrhal and nervous |