Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| ==Description== | | ==Description== |
| | | |
− | ''Toxoplasma gondii'' is an obligate, intracellular protozoa that is capable of infecting most mammals including man. Cats and other felids are the definitive host for ''T. gondii'', and all other mammals, including dogs, are intermediate hosts. | + | ''Toxoplasma gondii'' is an obligate, intracellular coccidian parasite that is capable of infecting most mammals including man. Cats and other Felidae are the definitive host for ''T. gondii'', and all other mammals are intermediate hosts. ''Toxoplasma gondii'' has three infectious stages: 1) sporozoites contained in oocyts; 2) an actively reproducing stage called tachyzoites; and 3) slowly multiplying bradyzoites. This means that the protozoa can be transmitted by ingestion of oocyst-contaminated food or water, or by consumption of infected tissue. Transplacental infection is also possible. |
| + | |
| | | |
− | Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular coccidian parasite that can infect virtually all
| |
− | species of warm-blooded animals, including people. Domestic cats and other Felidae are the
| |
− | definitive hosts. All nonfeline hosts are intermediate hosts. There are three infectious stages:
| |
− | sporozoites in oocysts, tachyzoites (actively multiplying stage), and bradyzoites (slowly multiplying
| |
− | stage) enclosed in tissue cysts. Oocysts are excreted in feces, whereas tachyzoites and
| |
− | bradyzoites are found in tissues.
| |
− | The three major modes of transmission are congenital infection, ingestion of infected tissues,
| |
− | and ingestion of oocyst-contaminated food or water . Other minor modes of transmission include
| |
− | transfusion of fluids or transplantation of organs.
| |
| Enteroepithelial Life Cycle | | Enteroepithelial Life Cycle |
| This cycle is found only in the definitive feline host. Most cats are thought to become infected | | This cycle is found only in the definitive feline host. Most cats are thought to become infected |