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117 bytes added ,  14:03, 17 August 2010
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====Respiratory Disease====
 
====Respiratory Disease====
 
*'''[[Pulmonary Oedema|Pulmonary oedema]]''' - Damage to the small vessels of the pulmonary vasculature may result in the development of vasogenic pulmonary oedema and pleural effusion with dyspnoea, tachypnoea and coughing.
 
*'''[[Pulmonary Oedema|Pulmonary oedema]]''' - Damage to the small vessels of the pulmonary vasculature may result in the development of vasogenic pulmonary oedema and pleural effusion with dyspnoea, tachypnoea and coughing.
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*'''Uraemic pneumonitis''' - This disease occurs due to movement of leucocytes into the alveoli and alveolar septa.
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====Electrolyte and Acid/Base Imbalances====
 
====Electrolyte and Acid/Base Imbalances====
 
*'''Electrolyte imbalances''' - The failure to excrete phosphate through the damaged kidneys results in hyperphosphataemia.  This electrolyte complexes with calcium and also prevents the activation of vitamin D (dihydroxycholecalciferol), resulting in hypocalcaemia.  This hypocalcaemia directly stimulates the production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) to try to maintain normal blood calcium levels and, in ~10% dogs with renal failure, hypercalaemia may develop due to an alteration in the set-point at which PTH is secreted.  In the remaining 90%, calcium is mobilised from bone causing '''secondary renal hyperparathyroidism''' with resorption of bone, pathological fractures and fibrous osteodystrophy of the bones of skull ('rubber jaw').
 
*'''Electrolyte imbalances''' - The failure to excrete phosphate through the damaged kidneys results in hyperphosphataemia.  This electrolyte complexes with calcium and also prevents the activation of vitamin D (dihydroxycholecalciferol), resulting in hypocalcaemia.  This hypocalcaemia directly stimulates the production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) to try to maintain normal blood calcium levels and, in ~10% dogs with renal failure, hypercalaemia may develop due to an alteration in the set-point at which PTH is secreted.  In the remaining 90%, calcium is mobilised from bone causing '''secondary renal hyperparathyroidism''' with resorption of bone, pathological fractures and fibrous osteodystrophy of the bones of skull ('rubber jaw').
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