| Line 9: |
Line 9: |
| | }} | | }} |
| | | | |
| − | ==Morphology==
| |
| − | *Single-stranded negative-sense unsegmented RNA virus
| |
| − | *Reassortment and antigenic shift cannot occur
| |
| − | *Spike proteins include
| |
| − | **'''HN''' (Haemagglutinin and Neuraminidase)
| |
| − | **'''F''' (Fusion glycoprotein), which allows the virus to fuse directly to the plasma membrane and release its RNA
| |
| − | ***F also causes syncitium to form, which aids diagnosis
| |
| − | ***Host antibody response to the F protein is the basis for vaccination
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Virulence==
| |
| − | *Paramyxoviruses replicate in the epithelium of the upper respiratory tract as well as occasionally in the gut
| |
| − | **Sites of spike protein cleavage
| |
| − | *Virulence varies by virus, see below
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Types and Subtypes==
| |
| − | Paramoyxoviridae was reclassified in 2000 to include 2 subfamilies and 5 genera, of interest including:
| |
| − | *Subfamily: ''[[Paramyxovirinae]]'':
| |
| − |
| |
| − | *Subfamily: ''[[Pneumovirinae]]''
| |
| − |
| |
| − | ==Antigenic Variation==
| |
| − | *Antigenic conservation allows some cross protection by vaccination:
| |
| − | **Conservation of major virus-specific F/HN antigens means vaccines protect against '''all isolates''' of the same virus
| |
| − | **Minor morbillivirus-specific epitopes on F allows some cross protection between '''canine distemper, measles, and rinderpest'''
| |
| − | *Antigenic "fingerprinting" is possible for some viruses based on minor variable epitopes of HN, F and NP on specific isolates as detected by monoclonal antibodies
| |
| − | **These are detected by immunostaining infected cells
| |
| − |
| |
| − | =Other resources=
| |
| − | *[http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec3401/index.htm On line Paramyxoviridae lecture by P. Russell]
| |
| | | | |
| | [[Category:Viruses]] | | [[Category:Viruses]] |
| − | [[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical/Viruses]]
| |