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==Morphology==
−*Single-stranded negative-sense unsegmented RNA virus
−*Reassortment and antigenic shift cannot occur
−*Spike proteins include
−**'''HN''' (Haemagglutinin and Neuraminidase)
−**'''F''' (Fusion glycoprotein), which allows the virus to fuse directly to the plasma membrane and release its RNA
−***F also causes syncitium to form, which aids diagnosis
−***Host antibody response to the F protein is the basis for vaccination
−==Virulence==
−*Paramyxoviruses replicate in the epithelium of the upper respiratory tract as well as occasionally in the gut
−**Sites of spike protein cleavage
−*Virulence varies by virus, see below
−==Types and Subtypes==
−Paramoyxoviridae was reclassified in 2000 to include 2 subfamilies and 5 genera, of interest including:
−*Subfamily: ''[[Paramyxovirinae]]'':
−*Subfamily: ''[[Pneumovirinae]]''
−==Antigenic Variation==
−*Antigenic conservation allows some cross protection by vaccination:
−**Conservation of major virus-specific F/HN antigens means vaccines protect against '''all isolates''' of the same virus
−**Minor morbillivirus-specific epitopes on F allows some cross protection between '''canine distemper, measles, and rinderpest'''
−*Antigenic "fingerprinting" is possible for some viruses based on minor variable epitopes of HN, F and NP on specific isolates as detected by monoclonal antibodies
−**These are detected by immunostaining infected cells
−=Other resources=
−*[http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec3401/index.htm On line Paramyxoviridae lecture by P. Russell]
[[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical/Viruses]]
}}
}}
−[[Category:Viruses]]
[[Category:Viruses]]
−