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'''Hepatic encephalopathy''' is neurological disfunction caused by any acute or severe hepatic damage; 60-80% of hepatic function must be lost before clinical signs develop.  

'''Hepatic encephalopathy''' is neurological disfunction caused by any acute or severe hepatic damage; 60-80% of hepatic function must be lost before clinical signs develop.  

A combination of the following mechanisms are probably responsible for the syndrome, hepatic insufficiency allows the build up of ammonia which affects neurotransmission in the CNS, toxic metabolites may act as false neurotransmitters and there can be an imblance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission.    

The cause of hepatic encephalopathy is hepatic insufficiency, the pathophysiology causing the neurological dysfunction is probably multifactorial. The following mechanisms have been suggested: accumulation of gastro-intestinal derived neurotoxins, imbalance of inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters, disruption of CNS energy metabolism, and the development of false neurotransmitters.      

==Signalment==

==Signalment==