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→Transmission and Epidemiology
==Transmission and Epidemiology==
==Transmission and Epidemiology==
===Vectors===
Vector species of Culicoides biting midge tend to breed in damp or wet soil
Vector species of Culicoides biting midge tend to breed in damp or wet soil
enriched with fresh or composted dung and blood-feed opportunistically on large
enriched with fresh or composted dung and blood-feed opportunistically on large
list, species distribution, seasonal incidence and vector competency of the various
list, species distribution, seasonal incidence and vector competency of the various
species.
species.
Vector competency
===Vector Competency===
3.9 The C. obsoletus group has long been suspected of being a vector, mainly on
3.9 The C. obsoletus group has long been suspected of being a vector, mainly on
the basis of BTV isolations from this species made in Cyprus, and African horse
the basis of BTV isolations from this species made in Cyprus, and African horse
6.
6.
Version 1.5; 21 November 2002
Version 1.5; 21 November 2002
===Epidemiology===
===Impact of Global Warming===
3.13 Vector competence of Culicoides vectors for Orbiviruses is partly influenced by
3.13 Vector competence of Culicoides vectors for Orbiviruses is partly influenced by
temperature. Orbivirus development in Culicoides vectors is unable to occur at
temperature. Orbivirus development in Culicoides vectors is unable to occur at
establishment of a BTV infection under present climatic conditions and with global
establishment of a BTV infection under present climatic conditions and with global
warming.
warming.
==Pathogenesis==
==Pathogenesis==