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===Vectors===

===Vectors===

The arthropd vector for bluetongue virus is the ''Culicoides'' biting midge. These insects take blood meals from vertebrate host and breed in damp, dung-enriched soil enriched, and so are abdunant in the vicinity of domestic livestock. The activity of ''Culicoides'' varies with the time of day: the midges are most active at night, from an hour before sunset to an hour after sunrise. Activity is decreased by windy conditions, and increased during the day when the weather is dull. ''Culicoides'' generally avoid entering buildings and other closed spaces.

The arthropd vector for bluetongue virus is the ''Culicoides'' biting midge. These insects take blood meals from vertebrate hosts and breed in damp, dung-enriched soil enriched, and so are abdunant in the vicinity of domestic livestock. The activity of ''Culicoides'' varies with the time of day: the midges are most active at night, from an hour before sunset to an hour after sunrise. Activity is decreased by windy conditions, and increased during the day when the weather is dull. ''Culicoides'' generally avoid entering buildings and other closed spaces.

3.2 Culicoides species have a normal insect complete metamorphosis life cycle –

3.2 Culicoides species have a normal insect complete metamorphosis life cycle –