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Various types of Clostridium perfringens are normally present in the intestinal contents of sheep, which under certain conditions can cause entertoxoaemia. In healthy animals a balance exists between multiplication and passage into faeces, maintaining a loew level of infection. C. perfringens is saccharolytic and can multiply rapidly when the anaerobic conditions in the abomasum ans small intesting are combined with the presence of of large quantities of fermentable carbohydrate. Conditions whish result in gut stasis, such as insufficient dietary fibre or severe gastrointestinal parasitism, may also contribute to the build up of toxins in the intestine. C. perfringens bacteria produce non-toxic protoxins which are converted to toxins by the action of digestive enzymes and the pathology of the enterotoxaemia is determined by the combination and amounts of these toxins.
* Caused by [[:Category:Clostridium species|''Clostridium welchii'' / ''Clostridium perfringens'']] type D.
* Caused by [[:Category:Clostridium species|''Clostridium welchii'' / ''Clostridium perfringens'']] type D.
** The organisms are found everywhere cannot be got rid of.
** The organisms are found everywhere cannot be got rid of.