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==Description==  
 
==Description==  
 
Periodontal disease is essentially an inflammatory response by the supporting structures of the teeth known as the periodontium. These structures include:
 
Periodontal disease is essentially an inflammatory response by the supporting structures of the teeth known as the periodontium. These structures include:
*[[Oral Cavity - Teeth & Gingiva - Anatomy & Physiology|gingiva]]
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*[[Gingiva Introduction|gingiva]]
 
*[[Periodontal ligament - Anatomy & Physiology|periodontal ligaments]]
 
*[[Periodontal ligament - Anatomy & Physiology|periodontal ligaments]]
 
*cementum
 
*cementum
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*'''Gingivitis''' - Reversible inflammation of the marginal gingival tissues that does not affect the periodontal ligament or the alveolar bone.
 
*'''Gingivitis''' - Reversible inflammation of the marginal gingival tissues that does not affect the periodontal ligament or the alveolar bone.
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*'''Periodontitis''' - Inflammation and irreversible destruction of the tooth's supporting structures that includes the [[Oral Cavity - Teeth & Gingiva - Anatomy & Physiology|gingiva]], [[Periodontal ligament - Anatomy & Physiology|periodontal ligament]], [[Alveolar Bone|alveolar bone]] and root cementum. It usually occurs after years of plaque acculmulation and gingivitis. The epithelial attachments of the tooth regress apically and there is absorption of the associated [[Alveolar Bone|alveolar bone]], resulting in permanent loss of tooth support.
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*'''Periodontitis''' - Inflammation and irreversible destruction of the tooth's supporting structures that includes the gingiva, [[Periodontal ligament - Anatomy & Physiology|periodontal ligament]], [[Alveolar Bone|alveolar bone]] and root cementum. It usually occurs after years of plaque accumulation and gingivitis. The epithelial attachments of the tooth regress apically and there is absorption of the associated [[Alveolar Bone|alveolar bone]], resulting in permanent loss of tooth support.
    
==Diagnosis==
 
==Diagnosis==
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On visual inspection of the intraoral structures, an animal with periodontitis may demonstrate the following:
 
On visual inspection of the intraoral structures, an animal with periodontitis may demonstrate the following:
 
*oral mucosal ulceration
 
*oral mucosal ulceration
*inflammed and bleeding [[Oral Cavity - Teeth & Gingiva - Anatomy & Physiology|gingiva]]
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*inflammed and bleeding gingiva
 
*loss of normal gingival contour
 
*loss of normal gingival contour
 
*purulent discharge from periodontal pocket
 
*purulent discharge from periodontal pocket
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