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==Introduction==
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#REDIRECT[[:Category:Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology]]
 
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The [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] is drained by numerous salivary glands.  The saliva secreted keeps the mouth moist and facilitates [[Mastication|mastication]] by lubricating the passage of the bolus.
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Salivary gands are present in the [[Cheeks|cheek]], [[Oral Cavity - Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]], [[Lips|lips]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]], [[Soft Palate|soft palate]] and [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] but the major salivary glands are located further away from the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]] and function through connective ducts.
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Saliva provides digestive enzymes, is a route of excretion of substances which accumulate on the [[:Category:Teeth - Anatomy & Physiology|teeth]] and provides lubricative and also cleansing functions.
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Salivary glands can produce a [[Serous Salivary Gland - Anatomy and Physiology|serous]] secretion, a [[Mucous Salivary Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|mucous]] secretion or both.
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==Types of Salivary Glands==
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[[Image:Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Parotid & Mandibular Salivary Gland - Copyright Nottingham 2008]]
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===Major Salivary Glands===
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*[[Parotid Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Parotid]] (glandula parotis)
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*[[Mandibular Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Mandibular]] (glandula mandibularis)
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*[[Sublingual Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Sublingual]] (glandula sublinguales)
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*[[Zygomatic Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Zygomatic]] (glandula zygomatica)
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===Minor Salivary Glands===
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*[[Labial Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Labial]]
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*[[Lingual Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Lingual]]
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*[[Buccal Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Buccal]]
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*[[Palatine Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|Palatine]]
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[[Image:Salivary Glands Dog.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Salivary Glands Labelled (Dog) - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]]
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==Innervation==
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*Sympathetic
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**Vasoconstriction occurs
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**Flow of saliva is decreased
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*Parasympathetic (most important)
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**Travel from the brainstem by the facial ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]]) and glossopharyngeal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN XI]]) then into branches of the trigeminal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN V]])
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**Flow of salivary fluid increases
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**Vasodilation occurs
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*Main nerves are occulomotor ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN III]]), facial ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN VII]]), glossopharyngeal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]) and vagus ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]])
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==Saliva==
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*Mainly water
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*Amylase for carbohydrate digestion
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*Salt- mainly sodium bicarbonate
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*Mucin
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*Electrolytes
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*Antimicrobial agents
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*Lingual lipase
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==Species Differences==
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[[Image:Salivary Glands of Different Species.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Salivary Glands of cow, horse, pig and dog - Copyright prof. Pat Mccarthy]]
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===Equine===
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*Produce up to 40L per day
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===Bovine===
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*Produce 110-180L per day
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===Porcine===
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*Produce up tp 15L per day
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==Test yourself with the Salivary Glands flashcards==
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[[Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards#Salivary Glands Flashcards|Salivary Glands Flashcards]]
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==Links==
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[[:Category:Salivary Glands - Pathology|Salivary Glands Pathology]]
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[[Category:Salivary Glands - Anatomy & Physiology]]
 
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