Changes

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnosis==

Definitive diagnosis of epiploic foramen entrapment may not be straightforward and is usually made at surgery. Rectal palpation is often unrewarding due to the anterior position of the lesion but a marked pain response to traction of the caudal caecal band and  distended coils of small intestine are features that may distinguish epiploic entrapment from other conditions.  

Definitive diagnosis of epiploic foramen entrapment may not be straightforward and is usually made at surgery. Rectal palpation is often unrewarding due to the anterior position of the lesion but a marked pain response to traction of the caudal caecal band may aid in distinguishing epiploic entrapment from other conditions. Distended coils of small intestine may also be identified.

 

Nasogastric reflux of large volumes of alkaline gastric fluid is frequently present but may not lead to pain relief.  Transabdominal ultrasonography may reveal distended, hypomotile small intestine. Small intestine identified in the right dorsal quadrant of the abdomen is highly suggestive of the disease. Abdominocentesis is often useful to determine the degree of strangulation and peritoneal fluid may be serosanguineous with an increased lactate, total protein and leukocyte count. If the herniation occurs from right to left however, the tranudation enters the omental bursa and may not be collected by abdominocentesis. See also <big>'''[[:Category:Colic Diagnosis in the Horse|Colic Diagnosis in Horses]]

Nasogastric reflux is frequently present but may not lead to pain relief.  Transabdominal ultrasonography may reveal distended, hypomotile small intestine. Small intestine identified in the right dorsal quadrant of the abdomen is highly suggestive of the disease. Abdominocentesis is often useful to determine the degree of strangulation and peritoneal fluid may be serosanguineous with an increased lactate, total protein and leukocyte count. If the herniation occurs from right to left however, the tranudation enters the omental bursa and may not be collected by abdominocentesis. See also <big>'''[[:Category:Colic Diagnosis in the Horse|Colic Diagnosis in Horses]]

==Treatment==

==Treatment==