Changes

===Primary bloat===

===Primary bloat===

'''Primary bloat''', or frothy bloat is the most common type of bloat, and usually affects several animals in a group at once. The condition can occur in feedlot cattle but is most frequently associated with cattle grazing lush, leguminous pastures. It occurs following the ingestion of large amounts of succulent green plant material which is highly fermentable and produces large amounts of gas. The material also contains high levels of soluble proteins, these act as foaming agents by reducing surface tension but increasing surface viscosity of rumenal liquids and a stable rumenal foam forms. The [[Volatile Fatty Acids - Anatomy & Physioogy|volatile fatty acids]] of the plant material consumed lower the rumenal pH and optimise conditions for the formation of froth. Gas present as foam is insufficient to trigger eructation, and so the [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] becomes distended.

'''Primary bloat''', or frothy bloat is the most common type of bloat, and usually affects several animals in a group at once. The condition can occur in feedlot cattle but is most frequently associated with cattle grazing lush, leguminous pastures. It occurs following the ingestion of large amounts of succulent green plant material which is highly fermentable and produces large amounts of gas. The material also contains high levels of soluble proteins, these act as foaming agents by reducing surface tension but increasing surface viscosity of rumenal liquids and a stable rumenal foam forms. The [[Volatile Fatty Acids - Anatomy & Physioogy|volatile fatty acids]] of the plant material consumed lower the rumenal pH and optimise conditions for the formation of froth. Gas present as foam is insufficient to trigger eructation, and so the [[Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] becomes distended.

===Secondary bloat===

===Secondary bloat===

===Pathology===

===Pathology===

In severe cases, the [[The Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] almost fills the abdomen, the diaphragm is displaced forwards, compressing the lungs. The posterior vena cava is also compressed, reducing the venous return to the heart. Respiration is impaired and animals die from hypoxia

In severe cases, the [[Rumen - Anatomy & Physiology|rumen]] almost fills the abdomen, the diaphragm is displaced forwards, compressing the lungs. The posterior vena cava is also compressed, reducing the venous return to the heart. Respiration is impaired and animals die from hypoxia

===Post mortem===

===Post mortem===