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| − | |linkpage =Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology
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| − | |linktext =Alimentary System
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| − | <br>
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| | ==Introduction== | | ==Introduction== |
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| | *Some lymph travels to the accessory hepatic and caudal mediastinal lymph nodes on the caudal vena cava | | *Some lymph travels to the accessory hepatic and caudal mediastinal lymph nodes on the caudal vena cava |
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| − | ==Histology== | + | ==[[Liver - Histology|Histology]]== |
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| − | [[Image:Lobule Histology.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Liver Lobule Histology - Copyright RVC 2008]] | |
| − | *Connective tissue capsule around each lobule
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| − | *Thin mesothelium covers connective tissue layer
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| − | *The larger liver cells are called lobules
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| − | **Each lobule contains an opening for the central vein and contains portal areas
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| − | **Lobules composed of liver cords called hepatocytes
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| − | **Sinusoids present between hepatocytes containing red blood cells
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| − | *Portal area present in lobules
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| − | **Hepatic artery- thick walls, small diameter
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| − | **Hepatic vein- thin walls, large and irregular shape
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| − | **Bile ducts- cuboidal or columnar epithelium
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| − | **Lymphatics- small and delicate
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| − | [[Image:Portal Triad Histology.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Portal Triad Histology in a Lobule- Copyright RVC 2008]]
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| − | *Hepatocytes are the smaller liver cells in the lobules
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| − | **Contain glycogen granules
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| − | **Stain pink as are eosinophilic
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| − | **Spherical nucleus
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| − | **Forms cords called branching plates (lamellae)
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| − | **Upper and lower margins are tight junctions
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| − | **3 functioning surfaces
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| − | ***Adjacent to sinusoid contains microvilli
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| − | ***Between adjacent cells are smooth
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| − | ***Adjacent cells have short microvilli, membranes diverge, explanded intracellular spaces and bile canaliculi
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| − | *Kupfer macrophages present near the lining of the sinusoids
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| − | ===Acinus=== | |
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| − | *the smallest functional unit of the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] - this unit stresses the dependence of the [[Liver - Anatomy & Physiology|liver]] on its afferent blood vessels and efferent bile ducts
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| − | *a roughly diamond shaped parenchymal mass surrounding and supplied by the portal area
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| − | *consists of 3 zones:
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| − | **Zone 1 - periportal (centroacinar), around the portal areas
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| − | **Zone 2 - midzonal
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| − | **Zone 3 - centrilobular (periacinar), bordering the hepatic venules
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| − | NB: blood enters from Zone 1 to Zone 3 and thus becomes less and less oxygenated
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| | ==Hepatic Duct Systems== | | ==Hepatic Duct Systems== |