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Principles of Fluid Therapy (view source)
Revision as of 18:40, 7 September 2010
, 18:40, 7 September 2010→Definitions
==Definitions==
==Definitions==
*'''''Osmosis''''' is the ''net movement'' of water across a semi permeable membrane. The movement is caused by a concentration gradient due to different solute concentrations on each side of the membrane.
*'''''Osmosis''''' is the ''net movement'' of water across a semi permeable membrane. The movement is caused by a concentration gradient due to different solute concentrations on each side of the membrane.
*'''''Osmotic Pressure''''' is the pressure caused by the solutes within the solution. The solute concentration prevents water movement across the membrane.
*'''''Osmotic Pressure''''' is the pressure caused by the solutes within the solution. The solute concentration prevents water movement across the membrane.
*'''''Tonicity''''' is the term used to compare the osmotic pressure of different solutions
*'''''Tonicity''''' is the term used to compare the osmotic pressure of different solutions
**A ''hypotonic'' solution is one that has an osmotic pressure '''lower''' than plasma.
**A ''hypotonic'' solution is one that has an osmotic pressure '''lower''' than plasma.
**A ''isotonic'' solution is one that has an osmotic pressure '''the same''' than plasma.
**A ''isotonic'' solution is one that has an osmotic pressure '''the same''' than plasma.
**A ''hypertonic'' solution is one that has an osmotic pressure '''higher''' than plasma.
**A ''hypertonic'' solution is one that has an osmotic pressure '''higher''' than plasma.
*''''''Hypovolaemia''''' is a reduction in normal blood volume which can be caused by:
** Excessive sweating
** Water deprivation
** [[Control of Feeding - Anatomy & Physiology#The Vomit Reflex|Vomiting]] and [[Diarrhoea|diarrhoea]]
** [[Haemorrhage - Pathology|Haemorrhage]]
** Pathological dilatation of capacity of the ciruclatory system, and therefore a relative reduction in circulating blood.
==Types of Fluids==
==Types of Fluids==