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{{toplink
{{toplink
|linkpage =Anaesthesia
|linkpage =Anaesthesia
|pagetype=Clinical
|pagetype=Clinical
}}
}}
==Introduction==
'''Local analgesia/anaesthesia''' is used in patient to desensitise a particular region of the body using techniques such as local infiltration, epidural, paravertebral and specific nerve blocks, and intravenous regional anaesthesia. It can be used as a diagnostic aid, for example lameness investigations in horses, peri- and post-operative analgesia, possibly reducing the depth of anaesthesia required to perform a procedure, as well as anaesthesia for minor surgical procedures, for example paravertebral nerve blocks are used for standing surgeries in cattle. [[Local Anaesthetics|Local anaesthetic]] agents are used, but in some cases it may be necessary to use a sedative agent to calm the animal, such as in the case of standing surgeries. Techniques are often easy to learn and do not require any expensive equipment.
'''Local analgesia/anaesthesia''' is used in patient to desensitise a particular region of the body using techniques such as local infiltration, epidural, paravertebral and specific nerve blocks, and intravenous regional anaesthesia. It can be used as a diagnostic aid, for example lameness investigations in horses, peri- and post-operative analgesia, possibly reducing the depth of anaesthesia required to perform a procedure, as well as anaesthesia for minor surgical procedures, for example paravertebral nerve blocks are used for standing surgeries in cattle. [[Local Anaesthetics|Local anaesthetic]] agents are used, but in some cases it may be necessary to use a sedative agent to calm the animal, such as in the case of standing surgeries. Techniques are often easy to learn and do not require any expensive equipment.
Care should be taken when using local anaesthetic agents that doses are kept as low as possible to avoid toxicity problems. It is also important to take care when using agents with adrenaline in the preparation as this causes severe ''vasoconstriction'' which if used in a region with end artery supply for example, it may lead to necrosis of that area.
Care should be taken when using local anaesthetic agents that doses are kept as low as possible to avoid toxicity problems. It is also important to take care when using agents with adrenaline in the preparation as this causes severe ''vasoconstriction'' which if used in a region with end artery supply for example, it may lead to necrosis of that area.
Agents include [[#Local anaesthetics|Lidocaine]], [[#Local anaesthetics|Mepivicaine]] and [[#Local anaesthetics|Bupivicaine]] among others.
Agents include [[#Local anaesthetics|Lidocaine]], [[#Local anaesthetics|Mepivicaine]] and [[#Local anaesthetics|Bupivicaine]] among others.
==Techniques==
==Techniques of Administration==
*[[Topical Analgesia|Topical Analgesia]]
*[[Topical Analgesia|Topical Analgesia]]
*[[Local Infiltration|Local Infiltration]]
*[[Local Infiltration|Local Infiltration]]