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|linkpage =Clinical Techniques

|linkpage =Clinical Techniques

'''Induction''' of anaesthesia can be performed using either an [[Injectable Agents|injectable agent]] or an [[Inhalation Agents|inhalation agent]]. It is most commonly performed after a premedication has been administered and had time to take effect, but this is not always necessary. Endotracheal intubation also occurs at this stage after the animal has been induced and is an appropriate anaesthetic depth.  

'''Induction''' of anaesthesia can be performed using either an [[Injectable Agents|injectable agent]] or an [[Inhalation Agents|inhalation agent]]. It is most commonly performed after a premedication has been administered and had time to take effect, but this is not always necessary. Endotracheal intubation also occurs at this stage after the animal has been induced and is an appropriate anaesthetic depth.  

==Premedication==

===Premedication===

Premedication is often given to an animal prior to an anaesthetic procedure. In some cases, however, it is not necessary or possible to premedicate the patient due to it's current status or underlying medical conditions. The advantages of premedication are that they reduce the require dose of induction agent and most will have a sedative effect to calm the patient helping to ensure a smooth induction.  

Premedication is often given to an animal prior to an anaesthetic procedure. In some cases, however, it is not necessary or possible to premedicate the patient due to it's current status or underlying medical conditions. The advantages of premedication are that they reduce the require dose of induction agent and most will have a sedative effect to calm the patient helping to ensure a smooth induction.  

===Equipment===

==Equipment==

Before any patient is induced it is vitally important to have the appropriate and necessary equipment ready and prepared in case of an emergency. As well as [[Monitoring Anaesthesia|monitoring equipment]], it is important to have endotracheal tubes, laryngeoscope, and oxygen (often vai an [[Anaesthetic Machines|anaesthetic machine]]) ready as well as crash drugs, if available. easily accessible.

Before any patient is induced it is vitally important to have the appropriate and necessary equipment ready and prepared in case of an emergency. As well as [[Monitoring Anaesthesia|monitoring equipment]], it is important to have endotracheal tubes, laryngeoscope, and oxygen (often vai an [[Anaesthetic Machines|anaesthetic machine]]) ready as well as crash drugs, if available. easily accessible.

===Intravenous Catheterisation===

==Intravenous Catheterisation==

Most commonly a patient receives an induction agent that is given intravenously as this route often gives the quickest induction. Many patients will also be receiving [[Principles of Fluid Therapy|fluids]] during their procedure which will also require placement of a catheter. It is therefore recommended that an intravenous (IV) catheter is placed in all patients undergoing an anesthetic procedure. This also means that clinicans have intravenous access in the face of an emergency also. In small animal patients, a catheter is usually placed in the cephalic vein if it is not within the surgical field, or the saphaneous vein may be used. In horses, a jugular catheter is placed.  

Most commonly a patient receives an induction agent that is given intravenously as this route often gives the quickest induction. Many patients will also be receiving [[Principles of Fluid Therapy|fluids]] during their procedure which will also require placement of a catheter. It is therefore recommended that an intravenous (IV) catheter is placed in all patients undergoing an anesthetic procedure. This also means that clinicans have intravenous access in the face of an emergency also. In small animal patients, a catheter is usually placed in the cephalic vein if it is not within the surgical field, or the saphaneous vein may be used. In horses, a jugular catheter is placed.