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Kidney Control of Blood Pressure - Anatomy & Physiology (view source)
Revision as of 14:28, 13 September 2010
, 14:28, 13 September 2010no edit summary
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−{{toplink
−|linkpage =Urinary System - Anatomy & Physiology
−|tablelink = Urinary System (Table) - Anatomy & Physiology
−|maplink= Urinary System (Content Map) - Anatomy & Physiology
−|linktext =URINARY SYSTEM
−|sublink1=Kidney - Anatomy & Physiology
−|subtext1=Kidney
−}}
−<br>
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==Control of Blood Pressure==
==Control of Blood Pressure==
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* If more sodium is excreted less water is reabsorbed therefore the ECF volume decreases and blood pressure decreases.
* If more sodium is excreted less water is reabsorbed therefore the ECF volume decreases and blood pressure decreases.
* The actual mechanism is not clear but it is thought to involve a direct effect of the pressure on the renal interstitium.
* The actual mechanism is not clear but it is thought to involve a direct effect of the pressure on the renal interstitium.
−=====[[Important Hormonal Regulators of the Kidney - Anatomy & Physiology#The Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS)| Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System]]=====
+=====[[Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System| Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System]]=====
* Specialized cells in the distal tubule called the macula densa sense the concentration of sodium and chloride.
* Specialized cells in the distal tubule called the macula densa sense the concentration of sodium and chloride.
* If blood pressure falls there is a reduction in concentration of sodium and chloride in the distal tubule which is sensed by the macula densa.
* If blood pressure falls there is a reduction in concentration of sodium and chloride in the distal tubule which is sensed by the macula densa.
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* The drop in blood pressure is also detected by baroreceptors in the aortic arch, carotid sinus and the afferent renal arteriole which stimulates renin release by the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
* The drop in blood pressure is also detected by baroreceptors in the aortic arch, carotid sinus and the afferent renal arteriole which stimulates renin release by the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
* Renin cleaves angiotensinogen into angiotensin 1 which in turn is cleaved by [[Angiotensin Converting Enzyme(ACE) - Renal Anatomy & Physiology|'''Angiotensin Converting Enzyme''' (ACE)]] into angiotensin 2.
* Renin cleaves angiotensinogen into angiotensin 1 which in turn is cleaved by [[Angiotensin Converting Enzyme(ACE) - Renal Anatomy & Physiology|'''Angiotensin Converting Enzyme''' (ACE)]] into angiotensin 2.
−* Angiotensin 2 is a potent vasoconstrictor and also stimulates the adrenal cortex to release [[Important Hormonal Regulators of the Kidney - Anatomy & Physiology#Aldosterone|aldosterone]].
+* Angiotensin 2 is a potent vasoconstrictor and also stimulates the adrenal cortex to release [[Aldosterone|aldosterone]].
−* [[Important Hormonal Regulators of the Kidney - Anatomy & Physiology#Aldosterone|Aldosterone]] acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts in the kidney causing retention of sodium and water.
+* [[Aldosterone|Aldosterone]] acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts in the kidney causing retention of sodium and water.
* Blood pressure increases.
* Blood pressure increases.