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===''C. contorta''===
===''C. contorta''===
Also known as: '''''Eucoleus contorta
As with ''C. annulata'' this species is found in the oesophagus and crop of domestic poultry and many wild birds. Both the adults and the eggs of this species are smaller in size but the general morphology remains the same. The earthworm is normally the intermediate host but it is possible for this species to have a direct life cycle with the L1 embryonated egg as the infective stage. Clinical signs are rare with low levels of infection though they can be associated with a loss in productivity, high parasite burdens will result in emaciation and anaemia and can be fatal. The primary epidemiological concern with this parasite is its ability to have a direct life cycle and so birds kept indoors and away from the intermediate host may still become infected.
As with ''C. annulata'' this species is found in the oesophagus and crop of domestic poultry and many wild birds. Both the adults and the eggs of this species are smaller in size but the general morphology remains the same. The earthworm is normally the intermediate host but it is possible for this species to have a direct life cycle with the L1 embryonated egg as the infective stage. Clinical signs are rare with low levels of infection though they can be associated with a loss in productivity, high parasite burdens will result in emaciation and anaemia and can be fatal. The primary epidemiological concern with this parasite is its ability to have a direct life cycle and so birds kept indoors and away from the intermediate host may still become infected.
==Literature Search==
==Literature Search==
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[[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]
Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation).
Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation).
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[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?it=any&q1=capillaria&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&occuring1=title&show=all&rowId=1&rowId=2&rowId=3&options1=AND&options2=AND&options3=AND&occuring3=freetext&occuring2=freetext&start=10&publishedend=2010&la=any&publishedstart=2000&y=8&x=50 ''Capillaria'' recent publications]
[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?it=any&q1=capillaria&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&occuring1=title&show=all&rowId=1&rowId=2&rowId=3&options1=AND&options2=AND&options3=AND&occuring3=freetext&occuring2=freetext&start=10&publishedend=2010&la=any&publishedstart=2000&y=8&x=50 ''Capillaria'' recent publications]