Changes

Also known as: '''''Hardware Disease — Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis — Wires — Traumatic Pericarditis

Also see:''' [[Traumatic Pericarditis]]

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

Due to their unselective feeding habits, cattle may ingest a variety of foreign bodies. Cattle cannot spit out metallic agents (e.g. screws, nails, pieces of wire, bottle tops) once in their mouths, and so ingest them. Heavier metallic objects consumed can become lodged in the [[Reticulum - Anatomy & Physiology|reticulum]], and may penetrate the reticular wall under the influence of the continuous [[Reticulum - Anatomy & Physiology#Ruminoreticular contraction|reticular movements]] or forces caused by pregnancy and parturition.

Due to their unselective feeding habits, cattle may ingest a variety of foreign bodies. Cattle cannot spit out metallic agents (e.g. screws, nails, pieces of wire, bottle tops) once in their mouths, and so ingest them. Heavier metallic objects consumed can become lodged in the [[Reticulum - Anatomy & Physiology|reticulum]], and may penetrate the reticular wall under the influence of the continuous [[Reticulum - Anatomy & Physiology#Ruminoreticular contraction|reticular movements]] or forces caused by pregnancy and parturition.

Pathological changes depend on the direction of penetration; this is usually in an anterior-ventral direction. Pyogenic bacteria escape from the reticulum, causing localised [[Peritonitis|peritonitis]] and local fibrinous adhesions.

Pathological changes depend on the direction of penetration; this is usually in an anterior-ventral direction. Pyogenic bacteria escape from the reticulum, causing localised [[Peritonitis|peritonitis]] and local fibrinous adhesions.

Penetration of the [[Diaphragm - Anatomy & Physiology|diaphragm]] and [[Heart Structure - Anatomy & Physiology#Pericardium|pericardium]] results in [[Pericarditis|pericarditis]]. Penetration of the [[Heart - Anatomy & Physiology|heart]] itself results in [[Myocarditis|myocarditis]] and [[Endocarditis|endocarditis]]. Penetration of the [[Lungs - Anatomy & Physiology|lungs]] and pleura can occur resulting in pneumonia and pleurisy.

Penetration of the [[Diaphragm - Anatomy & Physiology|diaphragm]] and [[Heart Structure - Anatomy & Physiology#Pericardium|pericardium]] results in [[Traumatic Pericarditis|pericarditis]]. Penetration of the [[Heart - Anatomy & Physiology|heart]] itself results in [[Myocarditis|myocarditis]] and [[Endocarditis|endocarditis]]. Penetration of the [[Lungs - Anatomy & Physiology|lungs]] and pleura can occur resulting in pneumonia and pleurisy.

Liver and splenic abscesses also occasionally occur following penetration of either organ.

Liver and splenic abscesses also occasionally occur following penetration of either organ.

==References==

==References==

Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual''' (Eighth Edition) ''Merial''  

Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual''' (Eighth Edition) ''Merial''  

[[Category:Forestomach - Inflammatory Pathology]][[Category:Cattle]]

 

[[Category:Expert_Review]]

 

[[Category:Forestomach - Inflammatory Pathology]][[Category:Gastric Diseases - Cattle]]

[[Category:Brian Aldridge reviewing]]