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[[Image:Active Immunisation.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Active Immunisation - Copyright nabrown RVC]]
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[[Image:Active Immunisation.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Active Immunisation - Copyright nabrown RVC]]
 
   
===Active immunisation===
 
===Active immunisation===
*Administer antigen so the patient develops its own [[Immunoglobulins|antibodies]] to protect against disease
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Active immunisation requires the administration of antigen so the patient develops thier own [[Immunoglobulins|antibodies]] to protect against disease. Suitable antigens include:
 
**Living organisms
 
**Living organisms
 
**Dead organisms
 
**Dead organisms
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'''Advantages'''
 
'''Advantages'''
*Long duration of action  
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*Long duration of action; once [[Immunoglobulins|antibody]] is produced against the antigen, [[B cell differentiation#Memory cells|memory cells]] are formed which continue circulating in the body
**Once [[Immunoglobulins|antibody]] is produced against the antigen, [[B cell differentiation#Memory cells|memory cells]] are formed which continue circulating in the body
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**For further information on memory cells click [[B cell differentiation|here]]
      
'''Disadvantages'''
 
'''Disadvantages'''
*Delay in protection
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*The host's immune system needs to evoke an immune response against the antigen which can take a few days
**The host's immune system needs to evoke an immune response against the antigen which can take a few days
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*Can require two or more doses to be effective; the first dose initiates the '''priming''' reaction where [[Immunoglobulins|antibody]] production ceases after a few weeks, but the second and subsequent doses create [[B cell differentiation#Memory cells|memory cells]] which remain in the circulation for a much longer period of time
**For further information on the [[Immunoglobulins|antibody]] response click [[:Category:Adaptive Immune System|Adaptive Immune System]]
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*Often needs two or more doses  
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**The first dose initiates the '''priming''' reaction where [[Immunoglobulins|antibody]] production ceases after a few weeks, but the second and subsequent doses create [[B cell differentiation#Memory cells|memory cells]] which remain in the circulation for a much longer period of time
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**For further information on the T cell independent and dependent responses click [[B cell differentiation#T-Cell Dependent and Independent Responses|here]]
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==What antigen(s) do we use in the vaccine?==
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==Vaccine Antigens==
    
===Whole Organism===
 
===Whole Organism===
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