Difference between revisions of "Chlamydophila felis"

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*Host adapted species in cats
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Also know ans: '''''Chlamydiosis - Chlamydia psittaci (felis)'''''
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*[[Respiratory Bacterial Infections - Pathology#Feline Chlamydiosis|Feline chlamydiosis]]
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*Feline conjunctivitis, rhinitis and rarely interstitial pneumonia
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*Epidemiology
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**Up to 10% cats infected
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**Infection via contact with conjunctival or nasal secretions
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**Infection may persist with prolonged shedding and clinical relapses
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**Stress of parturition and lactation may cause shedding of organisms leading to transmission to offspring
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*Clinical signs:
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**Incubation period 5 days
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**Conjunctival congestion, clear ocular discharge, blepharospasm
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**May have sneezing and nasal discharge
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**Resolves within a few weeks, or causes persistent infection
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*Diagnosis:
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**Intracytoplasmic inclusions in stained conjunctival smears
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**Antigen detection in ocular/nasal secretions - ELISA, PCR, Kosters, fluorescent antibody test
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*Modified live vaccines reduce clinical signs but do not prevent infection or shedding
  
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== Introduction ==
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[[Category:Chlamydophila_species]][[Category:Cat Bacteria]]
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''Chlamydophila felis'' causes a persistent respiratory infection. It usually occurs along with [[Feline Herpesvirus 1|Feline Herpesvirus]] and [[Feline Calicivirus]] to form the disease complex 'cat flu'. Signs include mild conjunctivitis, serous purulent [[Rhinitis|rhinitis]] and conjunctivitis and in severe cases mild [[Bronchointerstitial Pneumonia|bronchointerstitial pneumonia]].
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[[Category:To_Do_-_Bacteria]]
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Up to 10% of cats are affected, or have been affected with this bacterial infection. Transmission will occur via direct contact with conjunctival or nasal secretions. The infection may persist with prolonged shedding and clinical relapses. The stress of parturition and lactation may cause shedding of organisms leading to transmission to offspring.
 
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== Clinical Signs ==
 
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The incubation period is 5 days, after which one will see conjunctival congestion, clear ocular discharge, blepharospasm, sneezing and nasal discharge. If this infection is part of the 'cat flu' complex, one will also see rhinitis and ulcers of the eyes and oral cavity. The infection resolves within a few weeks, or causes persistent infection.
 
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== Diagnosis ==
 
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Clinical signs, especially if 'cat flu' symptoms, are indicative of the disease. Smears from the conjunctiva should be taken and stained for microscopy. Intracytoplasmic inclusions should be seen. Occular and nasal secretions should also be taken so that antigen detection by [[ELISA testing|ELISA]], PCR, Kosters and [[Immunofluorescence|fluorescent antibody test]] can be performed.
 
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== Treatment and Control ==
 
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Modified live vaccines reduce clinical signs but do not prevent infection or shedding.
 
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Treatment is supportive, including cleaning sore eyes, blending food into liquid form and cleaning the cats nose regularly. To encourage the cat to eat, extra smelly food should be given as the cat will be nasally congested so cannot smell very well. Things like fish or meat stock should also be put into water to encourage the cat to drink.
 
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== References ==
 
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Bridger, J and Russell, P (2007) Virology Study Guide, Royal Veterinary College
 
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Ettinger, S.J. and Feldman, E. C. (2000) Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine Diseases of the Dog and Cat Volume 2 (Fifth Edition), W.B. Saunders Company
 
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Merck & Co (2008) The Merck Veterinary Manual (Eighth Edition), Merial
 
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{{Learning
 
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|Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/felis/Content/Disease/dis60168 Chlamydia disease - Felis]
 
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}}
 
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{{review}}
 
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{{OpenPages}}
 
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[[Category:Chlamydophila_species]] [[Category:Respiratory_Bacterial_Infections]] [[Category:Cat_Bacteria]] [[Category:Respiratory_Diseases_-_Cat]]  [[Category:Expert_Review]]
 

Revision as of 15:47, 20 December 2010

  • Host adapted species in cats
  • Feline chlamydiosis
  • Feline conjunctivitis, rhinitis and rarely interstitial pneumonia
  • Epidemiology
    • Up to 10% cats infected
    • Infection via contact with conjunctival or nasal secretions
    • Infection may persist with prolonged shedding and clinical relapses
    • Stress of parturition and lactation may cause shedding of organisms leading to transmission to offspring
  • Clinical signs:
    • Incubation period 5 days
    • Conjunctival congestion, clear ocular discharge, blepharospasm
    • May have sneezing and nasal discharge
    • Resolves within a few weeks, or causes persistent infection
  • Diagnosis:
    • Intracytoplasmic inclusions in stained conjunctival smears
    • Antigen detection in ocular/nasal secretions - ELISA, PCR, Kosters, fluorescent antibody test
  • Modified live vaccines reduce clinical signs but do not prevent infection or shedding
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