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| + | #REDIRECT[[:Category:Nasal Cavity - Hyperplastic/Neoplastic Pathology]] |
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| − | {{toplink
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| − | |backcolour = D1EEEE
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| − | |linkpage =Cardiorespiratory System - Pathology
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| − | |linktext =Cardiorespiratory System
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| − | |maplink = Cardiorespiratory System (Content Map) - Pathology
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| − | |pagetype =Pathology
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| − | |sublink1=Nasal Cavity - Pathology
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| − | |subtext1=NASAL CAVITY
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| − | }}
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| − | <br>
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| − | [[Image:Fibrosarcoma in rhinarium of cat.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Fibrosarcoma in rhinarium of a cat (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]] | |
| − | [[Image:Lymphoma in nasal cavity.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Lymphoma in nasal cavity (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
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| − | [[Image:Nasal cavity carcinoma.jpg|right|thumb|100px|<small><center>Nasal cavity carcinoma (Image sourced from Bristol Biomed Image Archive with permission)</center></small>]]
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| − | ===Nasal neoplasia in general===
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| − | | |
| − | *Majority are malignant, locally invasive but do not metastasise
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| − | *Usually pale, soft, fleshy or friable
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| − | *May be [[Bones Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology|osteoma or osteosarcoma, chondroma or chondrosarcoma]], fibroma or fibrosarcoma, myxoma or myxosarcoma, haemangioma or haemangiosarcoma, adenoma or adenocarcinoma
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| − | ===Adenocarcinoma===
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| − | *Most common in dogs, also sheep
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| − | *Glandular acini in layer of cuboidal or columnar epithelium
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| − | *Often mucin filled acini
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| − | ===Transitional cell carcinoma===
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| − | *Most common in dogs
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| − | *Thick stratified layer of cuboidal cells with distinct basement membrane
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| − | *Large growth may be separated by fibrovascular septa
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| − | *May contain microcysts that could be confused with adenocarcinoma above
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| − | ===Squamous cell carcinoma===
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| − | *In cats they arise mainly from nasal vestibule
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| − | *In horses they originate mainly from maxillary sinus
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| − | *Most common nasal tumour
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| − | **Serosanquineous or mucopurulent, odourous nasal discharge
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| − | *Tissue necrosis
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| − | *May cause airway obstruction or facial distortion
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| − | ===Olfactory neuroblastoma===
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| − | *Rare, mainly occurs in cats
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| − | *Arises from ethmoturbinates in caudal region of nasal cavity
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| − | *May penetrate cribriform plate into cerebral cortex
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| − | ===Ethmoturbinate tumours (papillomas and adenocarcinomas)===
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| − | *In horses and other species
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| − | *Multiple species may be affected on one premises
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| − | *Arising from olfactory cells are endemic in some parts of the world for unknown reason
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| − | *May be caused by a virus?
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| − | ===Progressive ethmoidal haematoma===
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| − | *Slowly expanding non-neoplastic mass of horses
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| − | *Originates from submucosa of ethmoidal labyrinth
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| − | *Either from nasal or sinusal portion of ethmoid labyrinth
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| − | *Unilateral, can extend to nostrils or choanae
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| − | *Rarely elsewhere in sinuses
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| − | *Expands to nasal cavity, [[Paranasal Sinuses Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology|paranasal sinuses]], [[Nasopharynx Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology|nasopharynx]] causing destruction of tissue
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| − | *Micro - haemorrhage, calcification of connective tissue fibres
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| − | *[[Aspergillus spp.|''Aspergillus'' spp.]] may be present on the lesion
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| − | *May cause [[Respiratory System Clinical Signs - Pathology#Epistaxis|epistaxis]]
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| − | *Can recur after surgical excision
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| − | *May arise subsequently to [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Chronic rhinitis|chronic inflammation]]
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| − | ===Nasal polyps===
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| − | *Polypoid thickening of the inflamed nasal musosa, hyperplastic epithelium
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| − | *Pinkish, often pedunculated masses, round, often large and multiple proturberences into the nasal meatus
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| − | *Can arise subsequently to [[Nasal Cavity Inflammatory - Pathology#Chronic rhinitis|chronic inflammation]]
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| − | *Old polyps may becoma fibrous
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| − | *May recur when excised
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| − | *Necessary to distinguish from neoplasia
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| − | *Common in cats, less often in dogs, also horses and sheep
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| − | *Also see [[Nasal Cavity Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology#Progressive ethmoidal haematoma|Progressive haematoma]] of horses and [[Nasopharynx Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology#Nasopharyngeal polyps of cats|Nasopharyngeal polyps]] of cats
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| − | ===Nasal and paranasal sinus cysts===
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| − | *Mimic infection or neoplasms
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| − | *Expand and destroy surrounding tissue
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| − | *Epithelial capsule with haemorrhagic or yellow fluid
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| − | *Do not tend to recur after surgery
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