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| | + | |pagetitle =Enteritis, Fibrinous/Haemorrhagic |
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| | + | <categorytree mode=pages>Enteritis, Fibrinous/Haemorrhagic</categorytree> |
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| | ==Pathology== | | ==Pathology== |
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| | * The mucosa eroded to produce lesions of darkish-red submucosa covered in dry, crumbly fibrin. | | * The mucosa eroded to produce lesions of darkish-red submucosa covered in dry, crumbly fibrin. |
| | * Is usually caused by severe damage due to secondary bacterial infection following an earlier milder insult. | | * Is usually caused by severe damage due to secondary bacterial infection following an earlier milder insult. |
| − | * Tends to be more severe in the lower [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and upper [[Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|large intestine]]. | + | * Tends to be more severe in the lower [[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and upper [[Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|large intestine]]. |
| | ** Many severe infections tend to get worse further down the gut. | | ** Many severe infections tend to get worse further down the gut. |
| − | *** Catarrhal change may be seen in the upper [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and fibrinous change in the lower [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]]s. | + | *** Catarrhal change may be seen in the upper [[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] and fibrinous change in the lower [[Small Intestine Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]]s. |
| | ** In the lower aprt of the bowel, where the inflammation is more severe, disease is more anaerobic. | | ** In the lower aprt of the bowel, where the inflammation is more severe, disease is more anaerobic. |
| | *** Lesions are caused by anaerobic organisms- convert mild diseases into more serious disease. | | *** Lesions are caused by anaerobic organisms- convert mild diseases into more serious disease. |
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| − | ==[[Salmonellosis]]==
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| − | ==[[Swine Dysentery]]==
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| − | ==[[Parvovirus Enteritis]]==
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| − | ==Bacterial septicaemia and enteritis==
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| − | * Some severe acute septicaemias cause very severe acute haemorrhagic enteritis with bleeding into the [[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|alimentary tract]].
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| − | * Death is usually rapid.
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| − | * Fairly easy to diagnose
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| − | ** [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] is full of dark, tarry, partly clotted blood (like black currant jelly).
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| − | * Associated with severe systemic disease, e.g.
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| − | ** '''Anthrax''' in cattle ([[Bacillus anthracis|''Bacillus anthracis'']]).
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| − | ** '''Leptospirosis''' in dogs.
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| − | *** Especially [[Leptospira|''L. icterohaemorrhagiae'']].
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| − | * Do not confuse with [[Warfarin Poisoning|warfarin poisoning]].
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| − | ** Also gives blood in [[Forestomach - Anatomy & Physiology|stomach]] and intestine BUT there are no signs of inflammatory disease.
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| − | ===Lamb Dysentery (Enterotoxaemia with Blood)===
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| − | * [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']] causes very severe acute haemorrhagic enteritis.
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| − | ** Usually affects young farm animals
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| − | *** May also be seen in pets.
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| − | * Type B [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']] infection of lambs leads to '''lamb dysentery'''.
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| − | ====Clinical====
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| − | * Lamb dysentery is usually seen in lambs under 2 weeks of age.
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| − | ** Related to being kept in a cold, dirty environment, with build-up of infection during the lambing season.
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| − | * Lambs may produce bloodstained [[Intestine Diarrhoea - Pathology|diarrhoea]] before death, but they often die before this effect is apparent.
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| − | * Diagnosed by culturing contents of gut.
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| − | ====Pathology====
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| − | =====Gross=====
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| − | * The gut is blown and distended with foamy ,bloody contents.
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| − | * Sometimes ulceration with perforation and fibrinousperitonitis is seen.
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| − | * Focal or diffuse congestion and haemorrhages.
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| − | =====Histological=====
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| − | *Coagulative necrosis of villi.
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| − | * Oedema.
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| − | * Haemorrhage.
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| − | * Influx of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria and submucosa.
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| − | ====Similar Conditions====
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| − | * '''Piglets''' show similar disease caused by [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']] type C (and sometimes type B)
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| − | ** May look similar to a volvulus but with no twist present.
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| − | * In '''adult sheep''' [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']] type B infection causes '''Struck'''.
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| − | ** Enterotoxigenic gastritis.
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| − | ** Acute sudden death with haemorrhagic enteritis
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| − | ** Haemorrhagic enteritis is not as severe as in lambs, and tends to be more patchy.
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| − | ===Colitis X===
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| − | * Affects the horse.
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| − | * Sudden onset with haemorrhages throughout body (shock) and sometimes acute foul smelling diarhoea.
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| − | * [[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|colon]] is acutely haemorhagic and oedematous with mucosal necrosis.
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| − | * Associated with [[:Category:Enteropathogenic and Enterotoxaemic Clostridia|''Clostridium perfringens'']].
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| − | * Possibly an enterotoxaemia.
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| | [[Category:Intestine_-_Inflammatory_Pathology_by_Type]] | | [[Category:Intestine_-_Inflammatory_Pathology_by_Type]] |