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| − | ==In Horses==
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| − | ===Nasal septum abnormalities===
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| − | *Thickening caused by
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| − | **Trauma
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| − | **Infection
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| − | **[[Nasal Cavity Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology|Neoplasia of nasal septum]], carcinomas most common
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| − | **Amyloidosis (below)
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| − | **[[Wry Nose|Wry nose]]
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| − | **[[Paranasal Sinuses Inflammatory - Pathology|Empyema]], [[Paranasal Sinuses Hyperplastic and Neoplastic - Pathology|neoplasia]], [[Paranasal sinuses - Pathology|cysts]] of sinuses
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| − | ===Nasal amyloidosis===
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| − | *Deposition of amyloid in nasal submucosa of horses
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| − | *Not part of generalised amyloidosis
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| − | *May extend to [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]]
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| − | *Nodular of diffuse
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| − | *Stenosis may cause obstruction
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| − | *Smooth surface, waxy sheen on cut surface
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| − | *Macrophages and lymphocytes, giant cells
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| − | *May have overlying ulceration of mucosa
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| − | *Large firm nodules in alar folds, rostral nasal septum and floor of nasal cavity
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| − | *Micro:
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| − | **Deposition of hyaline material in nasal mucosa
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| − | ==Circulatory disturbances==
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| − | ===Congestion and Hyperaemia===
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| − | *Congestion - passive interference with venous return
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| − | **Non-specific
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| − | **Commonly found at post-mortem
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| − | *Hyperaemia - active vasodilation
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| − | **Associated with early stages of inflammation
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| − | ===Haemorrhage===
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| − | *Can result from local trauma or just transfer blood from lower down in the respiratory tract (see [[Respiratory System Clinical Signs - Pathology#Epistaxis|epistaxis]])
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| | [[Category:Nasal_Cavity_-_Pathology]] | | [[Category:Nasal_Cavity_-_Pathology]] |
