| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | {{toplink
| + | #redirect[[:Category:Integumentary System - Viral Infections]] |
| − | |backcolour = FFCCCC
| |
| − | |linkpage =Integumentary System - Pathology
| |
| − | |linktext =Integumentary System
| |
| − | |maplink = Integumentary System (Content Map) - Pathology
| |
| − | |pagetype =Pathology
| |
| − | |sublink1 = Skin Infectious - Pathology
| |
| − | |subtext1 = SKIN INFECTIOUS
| |
| − | }}
| |
| − | <br>
| |
| − | ===[[Poxviruses]]===
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Lesion development:
| |
| − | **Due to viral invasion of epithelium
| |
| − | **Vascular injury -> ischaemic necrosis
| |
| − | **Stimulation of host DNA -> hyperplastic nodules
| |
| − | *Cutaneous lesions:
| |
| − | **[[Skin Glossary - Pathology|Macule]] -> [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|papule]] -> [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|vesicle]] -> umbilicated [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|pustule]] -> [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|crust]] -> [[Skin Glossary - Pathology|scar]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | ====Contagious ecthyma====
| |
| − | [[Image: Contagious ecthyma.jpg|100px|thumb|right|<small><center>Contagious ecthyma (Courtesy of Bristol BioMed Image Archive)</center></small>]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Also called '''contagious pustular dermatitis, orf, sore mouth'''
| |
| − | *Caused by a [[Poxviruses#Contagious ecthyma|parapox virus]]
| |
| − | *Affects mainly young sheep, less commonly cattle, humans, dogs
| |
| − | *Starts in abrasions around mouth commisures and spreads to [[Lips - Anatomy & Physiology|lips]], oral mucosa, eyelids and feet
| |
| − | *May also transfer to teats of the mother of an affected lamb
| |
| − | *Lesions typical of poxvirus but very brief vesicle stage
| |
| − | *Most obvious is the proliferative pustular stage
| |
| − | | |
| − | ===[[Herpesviridae|Herpesviruses]]===
| |
| − | | |
| − | *Cutaneous lesions may develop with nondermatotropic viruses:
| |
| − | **[[Viral infections#Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)|Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis]] (bovine herpes virus - 1)
| |
| − | **Equine coital exanthema (equine herpes virus - 3)
| |
| − | **[[Viral infections#Feline viral rhinotracheitis|Feline herpes virus -1]] (rarely)
| |
| − | *Dermatotropic viruses:
| |
| − | **'''Bovine herpes virus - 2 = Bovine herpes mammillitis virus'''
| |
| − | ***May cause generalised disease - pseudolumpy skin
| |
| − | ***Localised disease - bovine herpes mammillitis
| |
| − | ****Mostly in lactating cows
| |
| − | ****Skin trauma is essential for virus invasion
| |
| − | ****Decreased milk production and secondary bacterial mastitis
| |
| − | ****Lesion occur on teats, udder, sometimes perineum, on muzzle of suckling calves
| |
| − | **'''Bovine herpes virus - 4 = Bovine herpes mammary pustular dermatitis'''
| |
| − | ***Similar to localised BHV-2 but milder disease
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | *May be latent and reappear at times of stress
| |
| − | *Grossly:
| |
| − | **[[Skin Glossary - Pathology|Vesicles, ulcers, crusts]]
| |
| − | *Microscopically:
| |
| − | **Intraepidermal vesicle
| |
| − | **Epidermal cell degeneration
| |
| − | **[[Skin Glossary - Pathology|Acantholysis]]
| |
| − | **Syncytial cells may form
| |
| − | **Intracellular inclusion bodies may be found at edges of ulcers
| |
| − | **Rapid necrosis
| |
| − | ===Other viruses===
| |
| − | *Cutaneous lesion are seen with:
| |
| − | **[[Picornaviridae]]
| |
| − | ***[[Oral Cavity - Cavity & Gingiva#Foot and Mouth disease|Foot-and-mouth disease]]
| |
| − | ***[[Oral Cavity - Cavity & Gingiva#Swine Vesicular Disease|Swine vesicular disease]]
| |
| − | **[[Rhabdoviridae]]
| |
| − | ***Vesicular stomatitis
| |
| − | **[[Caliciviridae]]
| |
| − | ***Vesicular exanthema
| |
| − | **[[Retroviridae]]
| |
| − | ***'''Feline leukemia virus'''
| |
| − | ****Cutaneous horns on foot pads
| |
| − | ****Epidermal and follicular epithelial hyperplasia, epidermal giant cells, dyskeratosis, necrosis, ulceration
| |
| − | ***'''Feline immunodeficiency virus'''
| |