Changes

Psoropitc mange is the disease caused by the '''non-burrowing''' mite, ''[[Psoroptes ovis]] ''(common name Scab mite), which affects sheep.  

Psoropitc mange is the disease caused by the '''non-burrowing''' mite, ''[[Psoroptes ovis]] ''(common name Scab mite), which affects sheep.  

Other species of Psoroptes mite affect a variety of species including Cattle, Goats, Horse, Rabbit, Camelid, however, all mites are host specific.  

Other species of Psoroptes mite affect a variety of species including cattle, goats, horse, rabbit, camelid, however, all mites are host specific.  

 

== Pathogenesis  ==

== Pathogenesis  ==

Psoroptic mange in sheep '''used to be a notifiable ''''''disease '''in the UK, but has been de-regulated since 1992.  

Psoroptic mange in sheep '''used to be a notifiable ''''''disease '''in the UK, but has been de-regulated since 1992.  

== Clinical signs ==

== Clinical Signs ==

'''Severe pruritus and '''evidence of '''self-trauma '''(loss, damage or staining of wool) are the main signs to notice from within the herd. Once a closer inspection is made, inflammation and an exudate will be noticed on the skin and areas of yellow crust will also be present. In on-going cases,'''weight loss''' in adults, or reduced weight gain in growing animals, will be seen due to the irritation causing them to have a reduced feed intake. In some cases, secondary '''blowfly strike '''may by the first sign noticed, when the sore traumatised skin has become a perfect breeding ground for the blowfly.

'''Severe pruritus and '''evidence of '''self-trauma '''(loss, damage or staining of wool) are the main signs to notice from within the herd. Once a closer inspection is made, inflammation and an exudate will be noticed on the skin and areas of yellow crust will also be present. In on-going cases,'''weight loss''' in adults, or reduced weight gain in growing animals, will be seen due to the irritation causing them to have a reduced feed intake. In some cases, secondary '''blowfly strike '''may by the first sign noticed, when the sore traumatised skin has become a perfect breeding ground for the blowfly.

== Diagnosis  ==

== Diagnosis  ==

History and clinical signs are often enough to make presumptive diagnosis. Skin scraping to microscopically identify mites (low magnification) should be performed. Mites are found under scabs and in skin folds.

History and clinical signs are often enough to make presumptive diagnosis. Skin scraping to microscopically identify mites (low magnification) should be performed. Mites are found under scabs and in skin folds.

== Treatment/ Control  ==

== Treatment/ Control  ==

''Psoroptes'' can be treated with avermectins or milbemycins by injection, but only moxidectin has any prophylactic effect. Two injections 7 days apart or one single dose (doramectin only) are needed. <br>

''Psoroptes'' can be treated with avermectins or milbemycins by injection, but only moxidectin has any prophylactic effect. Two injections 7 days apart or one single dose (doramectin only) are needed. <br>

== Other species<br> ==

== Other species ==

'''Cattle'''   

'''Cattle'''   

Psoroptic mange is uncommon in cattle in the UK. When present, it affects mainly the withers and can be treated with avermectin, milbemycins or topical acaracides.  

Psoroptic mange is uncommon in cattle in the UK. When present, it affects mainly the withers and can be treated with avermectin, milbemycins or topical acaracides.  

'''Horses'''  

'''Horses'''  

Equine Psoroptic mange is '''notifiable in the UK''', but has not been recorded for many years. There are no licensed products for treatment of horses in the UK.  

Equine Psoroptic mange is '''notifiable in the UK''', but has not been recorded for many years. There are no licensed products for treatment of horses in the UK.  

'''Rabbits'''  

'''Rabbits'''  

== References  ==

== References  ==

Aitken, I.D, (2007) Diseases of Sheep fourth edition, Blackwell Publishing  

Aitken, I.D, (2007) '''Diseases of Sheep fourth edition,''''' Blackwell Publishing ''

 

Hindson, J.C, (2002) Manual of Sheep Diseases second edition, Blackwell Publishing

Fox, M and Jacobs, D. (2007) '''Parasitology Study Guide Part 1: Ectoparasites,''''' Royal Veterinary College ''

Taylor, M.A, Coop, R.L, Wall, R.L, (2007) Veterinary Parasitology third edition, Blackwell Publishing  

Hindson, J.C, (2002)''' Manual of Sheep Diseases second edition,''''' Blackwell Publishing ''

[[Category:Expert_Review]] [[Category:Integumentary_System_-_Mite_Infections]][[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Sheep]][[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Cattle]][[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Expert_Review - Farm Animal]][[Category:Expert Review - Horse]] [[Category:Integumentary_System_-_Mite_Infections]][[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Sheep]][[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Cattle]][[Category:Dermatological Diseases - Horse]]