Difference between revisions of "Avian Encephalomyelitis Flashcards"

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<FlashCard questions="14">
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<FlashCard questions="6">
 
|q1=Name the virus that causes avian encephalomyeltits (AE)?
 
|q1=Name the virus that causes avian encephalomyeltits (AE)?
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|a1=Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1 (AEV).
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|a1=avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1 (AEV)
 
|l1=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
 
|l1=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
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|q2= Is avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV) an RNA or DNA virus?
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|q2= What are the main economic concerns for breeders and layers about AE
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|a2= AEV is a single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus
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|a2=  
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|l2=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
 
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|q3= What genus does AEV belong to?
 
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|a3= Hepatovirus
 
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|l3=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
 
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|q4= What family does the virus belong to?
 
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|a4=Picornaviridae
 
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|l4=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
 
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|q5= What are the main economic concerns for breeders and layers about AE?
 
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|a5=  
 
 
*Temporary decrease in egg production in laying hens
 
*Temporary decrease in egg production in laying hens
 
*Decrease in egg hatchability
 
*Decrease in egg hatchability
 
*Neurological disease and morbidity /mortality of chicks under three weeks of age
 
*Neurological disease and morbidity /mortality of chicks under three weeks of age
 
*Surviving chicks are considered unlikely to be profitable
 
*Surviving chicks are considered unlikely to be profitable
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|l5=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
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|l2=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
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|q6= How is AE spread and what is its epidemiology?
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|q3= How is AE spread?
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|a6=
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|a3=
 
*Horizontally via faecal-oral route (main route of infection)
 
*Horizontally via faecal-oral route (main route of infection)
 
*Vertical transmission from infected layer to their chicks
 
*Vertical transmission from infected layer to their chicks
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*The virus replicates in the epithial cells of the alimentary tract and is circulated in the bloodstream to other organs and the central nervous system (CNS). The virus is shed within 3 days of oral ingestion and in young chicks can continue to be shed for over two weeks. Shedding ceases once specific antibodies are produced.
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|l3= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
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|l6= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction
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|q4= What species of birds does AE affect?
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|q7= What species of birds does AE affect?
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|a4=  
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|a7=  
 
 
*Chickens (main domestic host)
 
*Chickens (main domestic host)
 
*Species of partridge
 
*Species of partridge
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*Guineafowl
 
*Guineafowl
 
*Pheasants
 
*Pheasants
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|l7= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Signalment
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|l4= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Signalment
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|q8=What are the clinical signs of AE?
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|q5=How can virus be identified once isolated or innoculated?
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|a8= AE causes the most serious disease in chicks under 3 weeks of age.  The clinical signs for this age group are:
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|a5=  
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*neurological signs ranging from ataxia, rapid tremor of the head and neck, drooping of the wings, weakness, paralysis, exercise intolerance to blindness and changes in vocalisation.
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*Electron miscroscopy
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*Weight loss, lameness, and unthriftiness
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*Staining with fluorescent labelled antisera
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*Affected chicks sit on their hocks, and cannot move well and many fall over onto their sides
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|l5= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Clinical Signs
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|q6= Against which two adenoviruses are vaccines available?
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Laying hens rarely show clinical signs but the virus causes:
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|a6=
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*Temporary reduction (2 weeks) in egg production
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*EDS
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*Decrease in droppings
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*HE
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*Decrease in hatching rates
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|l6= Avian Adenoviruses#Treatment and Control
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|l8= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Clinical Signs
 
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|q9= How can AE be diagnosed?
 
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|a9=
 
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The following methods have been used to help diagnose Avian Encephalomyelitis (AE):
 
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*Virus Neutralization test
 
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*Agar Gel test
 
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*Embryo Susceptibility test
 
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*Elisa test
 
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All of the above tests indicate exposure to AE but not neccessarily a current infection.
 
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Diagnosis can be confirmed by either histopathology or by virus isolation.
 
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|l9= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Diagnosis
 
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|q10=What is the distribution of AE?
 
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|a10=Worldwide, the disease has been documented in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North and South America.
 
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|l10=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Distribution
 
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|q11=What is the treatment for AE?
 
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|a11=There is no treatment for chicks infected with avian encephalomyelitis (AE).
 
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|l11=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Treatment
 
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|q12=Can chicken and surviving chicks become immune to AEV?
 
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|a12=Yes, surviving chicks, infected hens and birds that have been vaccinated will be immune to AE for life.
 
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|l12=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Treatment
 
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|q13=How many serotypes are there for AEV?
 
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|a13=There is only one serotype for the AEV.
 
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|l13=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Control
 
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|q14=How can AE be controlled?
 
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|a14=Vaccination of pullets several weeks before they come into lay. There are live and attenuated vaccinations available which can be administered in drinking water or as an eye drop, the latter being more effective. 
 
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|l14=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Control
 
 
</FlashCard>
 
</FlashCard>
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[[Category: Avian Flashcards]]
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[[Category:To Do - Jaimie Meagor]]
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[[Category:Avian Flashcards]]
 
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[[Category:CABI Flashcards]]
 
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[[Category:Neurological Diseases Flashcards]]
 

Revision as of 20:33, 22 June 2011

Question Answer Article
Name the virus that causes avian encephalomyeltits (AE)? Link to Article
What are the main economic concerns for breeders and layers about AE Link to Article
How is AE spread? Link to Article
What species of birds does AE affect? Link to Article
How can virus be identified once isolated or innoculated? Link to Article
Against which two adenoviruses are vaccines available? Link to Article


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