Difference between revisions of "Avian Encephalomyelitis Flashcards"
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| − | <FlashCard questions=" | + | <FlashCard questions="11"> |
|q1=Name the virus that causes avian encephalomyeltits (AE)? | |q1=Name the virus that causes avian encephalomyeltits (AE)? | ||
|a1=Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1 (AEV). | |a1=Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1 (AEV). | ||
|l1=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction | |l1=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction | ||
| − | |q2= Is avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV) | + | |q2= Is ''avian encephalomyelitis virus'' (AEV) a RNA or DNA virus? |
|a2= AEV is a single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus | |a2= AEV is a single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus | ||
|l2=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction | |l2=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction | ||
| Line 19: | Line 19: | ||
*Surviving chicks are considered unlikely to be profitable | *Surviving chicks are considered unlikely to be profitable | ||
|l5=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction | |l5=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction | ||
| − | | | + | |
| − | | | + | |q3= How is AE spread and what is its epidemiology? |
| + | |a3= | ||
*Horizontally via faecal-oral route (main route of infection) | *Horizontally via faecal-oral route (main route of infection) | ||
*Vertical transmission from infected layer to their chicks | *Vertical transmission from infected layer to their chicks | ||
| − | *The virus replicates in the epithial cells of the alimentary tract and is circulated in the bloodstream to other organs and the central nervous system (CNS). The virus is shed within 3 days of oral ingestion and in young chicks can continue to be shed for over two weeks. Shedding ceases once specific | + | *The virus replicates in the epithial cells of the alimentary tract and is circulated in the bloodstream to other organs and the central nervous system (CNS). The virus is shed within 3 days of oral ingestion and in young chicks can continue to be shed for over two weeks. Shedding ceases once specific antibody's are produced. |
| − | | | + | |
| − | | | + | |l3= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Introduction |
| − | | | + | |q4= What species of birds does AE affect? |
| + | |a4= | ||
*Chickens (main domestic host) | *Chickens (main domestic host) | ||
*Species of partridge | *Species of partridge | ||
| Line 33: | Line 35: | ||
*Guineafowl | *Guineafowl | ||
*Pheasants | *Pheasants | ||
| − | | | + | |l4= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Signalment |
| − | | | + | |q5=What are the clinical signs of AE? |
| − | | | + | |a5= AE causes the most serious disease in chicks under 3 weeks of age. The clinical signs for this age group are: |
*neurological signs ranging from ataxia, rapid tremor of the head and neck, drooping of the wings, weakness, paralysis, exercise intolerance to blindness and changes in vocalisation. | *neurological signs ranging from ataxia, rapid tremor of the head and neck, drooping of the wings, weakness, paralysis, exercise intolerance to blindness and changes in vocalisation. | ||
*Weight loss, lameness, and unthriftiness | *Weight loss, lameness, and unthriftiness | ||
| Line 44: | Line 46: | ||
*Decrease in droppings | *Decrease in droppings | ||
*Decrease in hatching rates | *Decrease in hatching rates | ||
| − | | | + | |l5= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Clinical Signs |
| − | | | + | |q6= How can AE be diagnosed? |
| − | | | + | |a6= |
The following methods have been used to help diagnose Avian Encephalomyelitis (AE): | The following methods have been used to help diagnose Avian Encephalomyelitis (AE): | ||
*Virus Neutralization test | *Virus Neutralization test | ||
| Line 53: | Line 55: | ||
*Elisa test | *Elisa test | ||
All of the above tests indicate exposure to AE but not neccessarily a current infection. | All of the above tests indicate exposure to AE but not neccessarily a current infection. | ||
| − | |||
| − | | | + | Diagnosis can be achieved confirmed by either histopathology or by virus isolation. |
| − | | | + | |
| − | | | + | Post mortem and identification of pathognomonic lesions in the: |
| − | | | + | *Midbrain and rotundua and ovidalis nucleus (microglisosis |
| − | | | + | *Proventriculus (dense nodules within the muscular wall) |
| − | | | + | *Lesions can also be present in the pancreas |
| − | | | + | |l6= Avian Encephalomyelitis#Diagnosis |
| − | | | + | |q7=What is the distribution of AE? |
| − | | | + | |a7=Worldwide, the disease has been documented in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North and South America. |
| − | | | + | |l7=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Distribution |
| − | | | + | |q8=What is the treatment for AE? |
| − | | | + | |a8=There is no treatment for chicks infected with avian encephalomyelitis (AE). |
| − | | | + | |l8=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Treatment |
| − | | | + | |q9=Can chicken and surviving chicks become immune to AEV? |
| − | | | + | |a9=Yes, surviving chicks, infected hens and birds that have been vaccinated will be immune to AE for life. |
| − | | | + | |l9=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Treatment |
| + | |q10=How many serotypes are there for AEV? | ||
| + | |a10=There is only one serotype for the AEV. | ||
| + | |l10=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Control | ||
| + | |q11=How can AE be controlled? | ||
| + | |a11=Vaccination of pullets several weeks before they come into lay. Vaccination protects the flock from a reduction in egg production and prevents vertical transmission of the virus to chicks by providing the chicks with a sufficient level of maternal derived antibodies. There are live and attenuated vaccinations available which can be administered in drinking water or as an eye drop, the latter being more effective. | ||
| + | |l11=Avian Encephalomyelitis#Control | ||
</FlashCard> | </FlashCard> | ||
| + | ==Further links== | ||
| + | [[Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1| ''Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1'']] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1 flashcard| ''Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1 flashcard'']] | ||
| − | [[Category:Avian Flashcards]] | + | [[Category: Avian Flashcards]] |
| − | [[Category: | + | [[Category:To Do - Jaimie Meagor]] |
[[Category:Neurological Diseases Flashcards]] | [[Category:Neurological Diseases Flashcards]] | ||
Revision as of 21:19, 28 June 2011
| Question | Answer | Article | |
| Name the virus that causes avian encephalomyeltits (AE)? | Avian encephalomyelitis-like virus 1 (AEV).
|
Link to Article | |
| Is avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV) a RNA or DNA virus? | AEV is a single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus
|
Link to Article | |
| How is AE spread and what is its epidemiology? |
|
Link to Article | |
| What species of birds does AE affect? |
|
Link to Article | |
| What are the clinical signs of AE? | AE causes the most serious disease in chicks under 3 weeks of age. The clinical signs for this age group are:
Laying hens rarely show clinical signs but the virus causes:
|
Link to Article | |
| How can AE be diagnosed? | The following methods have been used to help diagnose Avian Encephalomyelitis (AE):
All of the above tests indicate exposure to AE but not neccessarily a current infection. Diagnosis can be achieved confirmed by either histopathology or by virus isolation. Post mortem and identification of pathognomonic lesions in the:
|
Link to Article | |
| What is the distribution of AE? | Worldwide, the disease has been documented in Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North and South America.
|
Link to Article | |
| What is the treatment for AE? | There is no treatment for chicks infected with avian encephalomyelitis (AE).
|
Link to Article | |
| Can chicken and surviving chicks become immune to AEV? | Yes, surviving chicks, infected hens and birds that have been vaccinated will be immune to AE for life.
|
Link to Article | |
| How many serotypes are there for AEV? | There is only one serotype for the AEV.
|
Link to Article | |
| How can AE be controlled? | Vaccination of pullets several weeks before they come into lay. Vaccination protects the flock from a reduction in egg production and prevents vertical transmission of the virus to chicks by providing the chicks with a sufficient level of maternal derived antibodies. There are live and attenuated vaccinations available which can be administered in drinking water or as an eye drop, the latter being more effective.
|
Link to Article | |