Difference between revisions of "Encephalomyocarditis Virus Flashcards"
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<FlashCard questions="13"> | <FlashCard questions="13"> | ||
| − | |q1=What disease does the Encephalomyocarditis virus cause in pigs | + | |q1=What disease does the ''Encephalomyocarditis virus'' cause in pigs? |
| − | |a1=Encephalomyocarditis. The disease affects the nervous, reproductive, respiratory and circulatory system of pigs. | + | |a1=Encephalomyocarditis. The disease affects the nervous, reproductive, respiratory and circulatory system of pigs. |
|l1=Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Introduction | |l1=Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Introduction | ||
| − | |q2=What type of virus is Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV)? | + | |q2=What type of virus is ''Encephalomyocarditis virus'' (EMCV)? |
|a2= A single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus. | |a2= A single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus. | ||
|l2= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Introduction | |l2= Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Introduction | ||
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*Reproductive failures in breeding females | *Reproductive failures in breeding females | ||
*Piglets suffer from myocarditis, encephalitis and sudden death due to myocardial failure | *Piglets suffer from myocarditis, encephalitis and sudden death due to myocardial failure | ||
| + | |||
| + | The clinical signs include: | ||
*Vomiting and regurgitation | *Vomiting and regurgitation | ||
*Anorexia, pyrexia, fasciculations, tachypnea, dyspnea, and open mouth breathing | *Anorexia, pyrexia, fasciculations, tachypnea, dyspnea, and open mouth breathing | ||
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|a10= | |a10= | ||
*Cardiomegaly | *Cardiomegaly | ||
| − | *Myocardial lesions with yellow or white necrotic foci, usually on the epicardium of the right ventricle. | + | *Myocardial lesions with yellow or white necrotic foci (2-15mm diameter), usually on the epicardium of the right ventricle. (also characteristic of Vitamin E and selenium deficiency). |
| − | Infected foetuses can grossly vary depending on the stage of pregnancy and infection. Foetuses can be haemorrhagic, oedematous or apparently normal. | + | Infected foetuses can grossly vary depending on the stage of pregnancy and infection and myocardial lesions may be indistinguishable from other viral infections. Foetuses can be haemorrhagic, oedematous or apparently normal. |
Acutely affected pigs may not show any gross lesions on post mortem. | Acutely affected pigs may not show any gross lesions on post mortem. | ||
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*Nonsuppurative encephalitis | *Nonsuppurative encephalitis | ||
*Myocarditis | *Myocarditis | ||
| − | + | l11=Encephalomyocarditis Virus#Diagnosis | |
|q12=What treatment is there for encephalomyocarditis? | |q12=What treatment is there for encephalomyocarditis? | ||
|a12=There is no specific treatment. Mortality levels in at risk pigs can be reduced by avoiding stress or excitation. | |a12=There is no specific treatment. Mortality levels in at risk pigs can be reduced by avoiding stress or excitation. | ||
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[[Category:CABI Flashcards]] | [[Category:CABI Flashcards]] | ||
[[Category:Reproductive Diseases Flashcards]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases Flashcards]] | [[Category:Reproductive Diseases Flashcards]] [[Category:Neurological Diseases Flashcards]] | ||
| + | [[Category:To Do - CABI review]] | ||
Revision as of 11:56, 30 June 2011
| Question | Answer | Article | |
| What disease does the Encephalomyocarditis virus cause in pigs? | Encephalomyocarditis. The disease affects the nervous, reproductive, respiratory and circulatory system of pigs.
|
Link to Article | |
| What type of virus is Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV)? | A single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus.
|
Link to Article | |
| What are the properties of EMCV? |
|
Link to Article | |
| Can EMCV infect humans? | Antibodies for EMCV have been found in humans but there are no reports that the virus causes human heart disease.
|
Link to Article | |
| What are the hosts for (EMCV)? | The domestic host for this virus is the pig and it is the most susceptible to EMCV infection. Other hosts include:
|
Link to Article | |
| What are the clinical signs associated with EMCV? | The disease causes:
The clinical signs include:
Neurological signs include:
Pregnant sows that become infected can suffer from infertility, mummified fetus, abortions, still births, small litter and weak new born. |
Link to Article | |
| How is the virus believed to be spread? | Through rodents (major reservoir of the disease) - infecting pigs directly or through diseased carcasses and contaminated feeds or water supplies.
|
Link to Article | |
| What is the distribution of EMCV? | Worldwide; cases were first reported in Central America, Florida and Australia.
|
Link to Article | |
| How can EMCV be diagnosed? | A definitive diagnosis can be confirmed by virus isolation from infected heart tissue from pigs that have died in the acute phase of the disease.
Detection of antibody specific to EMCV from still born piglets has been used to confirm foetal infection. |
Link to Article | |
| What pathology can be found on postmortem? |
Infected foetuses can grossly vary depending on the stage of pregnancy and infection and myocardial lesions may be indistinguishable from other viral infections. Foetuses can be haemorrhagic, oedematous or apparently normal. Acutely affected pigs may not show any gross lesions on post mortem. |
Link to Article | |
| What histopathological findings can be seen with EMCV? | Within heart tissue:
Within brain tissue:
Within foetuses:
|
[[|Link to Article]] | |
| What treatment is there for encephalomyocarditis? | There is no specific treatment. Mortality levels in at risk pigs can be reduced by avoiding stress or excitation.
|
Link to Article | |
| How can EMCV be controlled? |
|
Link to Article | |