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Diagnosis can usually be made using history of clinical disease and necropsy:
Diagnosis can usually be made using history of clinical disease and necropsy:
On '''post-mortem, petechial haemorrhage in the conjunctivae, mucous membranes, trachea, syrinx and intestine are pathognomonic for DEV.''' This pathology is caused by '''increased vascular permeability'''.<ref name ="Richter">Richter, J. H. M., Horzinek, M. C (1993) '''Duck plague'''. ''Virus infections of birds''.77-90;35</ref> In advanced disease, the same sites may become covered by '''yellow-white necrotic plaques''', sometimes forming pseudomembranes in the cloaca and oesophagus.<ref name="Richter" />
On '''post-mortem, petechial haemorrhage in the conjunctivae, mucous membranes, trachea, syrinx and intestine are pathognomonic for DEV.''' This pathology is caused by '''increased vascular permeability'''.In advanced disease, the same sites may become covered by '''yellow-white necrotic plaques''', sometimes forming pseudomembranes in the cloaca and oesophagus.
In young birds, these pathological changes are often associated with the '''[[Regional Lymphoid Tissue - Anatomy & Physiology#Structure|gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)]]'''. Organs often also demonstrate degenerative and necrotic changes and the gizzard and intestines are commonly '''filled with blood.'''
In young birds, these pathological changes are often associated with the '''[[Regional Lymphoid Tissue - Anatomy & Physiology#Structure|gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)]]'''. Organs often also demonstrate degenerative and necrotic changes and the gizzard and intestines are commonly '''filled with blood.'''
==Treatment==
==Treatment==
The '''immediate efficacy of vaccines''' suggests that they may be indicated for use during developing outbreaks.<ref>Sandhu, T. S., Leibovitz, L (1997) '''Duck virus enteritis (Duck Plague)'''. Calnek, B. W., Barnes, H. J., Beard, C. W., McDougald, L. R., Saif, Y. M. eds. Diseases of Poultry, ed 10. ''Ames, USA: Iowa State University Press'', 675-683.</ref> This rapidity of action is thought to be due to the action of stimulated interferons, known as the "interference phenomenon".
The '''immediate efficacy of vaccines''' suggests that they may be indicated for use during developing outbreaks. This rapidity of action is thought to be due to the action of stimulated interferons, known as the "interference phenomenon".
==Control==
==Control==
==References==
==References==
Gough, R.E. (2007) '''Duck Viral Enteritis'''. In: '''Poultry Diseases, 6th Edition''' (eds. Pattison, M., McMullin, P., Bradbury, J., Alexander, D.) ''Saunders, Elsevier'', pp 258-276
Sandhu, T.S. and Metwally, S.A. (2008) '''Duck Viral Enteritis (Duck Plague)'''. In: '''Diseases of Poultry, 12th Edition''' (eds. Saif, Y.M., Fadly A.M., Glissen J.R., McDougald L.R., Nolan L.K., Swayne D.E.) ''Wiley-Blackwell'', pp 384-393
{{CABI source
{{CABI source
|datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=84188&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 duck viral enteritis] and [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/Default.aspx?site=160&page=2144&LoadModule=datasheet&CompID=3&dsID=84187 duck plague virus]
|datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=84188&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 duck viral enteritis] and [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/Default.aspx?site=160&page=2144&LoadModule=datasheet&CompID=3&dsID=84187 duck plague virus]
|date =20 June 2011
|date =20 June 2011
}}
}}
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This article was reviewed by Prof Dave Cavanagh BSc, PhD, DSc on 23/08/11.
[[Category:Herpesviridae]]
[[Category:Herpesviridae]]
[[Category:Avian Viruses]]
[[Category:Avian Viruses]]
[[Category:Neurological Diseases - Birds]]
[[Category:Neurological Diseases - Birds]]
[[Category:CABI Expert Review]]
[[Category:CABI Expert Review]]
[[Category:Expert Review Completed]]