Difference between revisions of "Exopthalmos - Fish"
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| − | + | Also Known As – Pop-eye - Exophthalmia | |
| − | Also Known As | + | |
| + | Caused By – Many diseases and infections; see below | ||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
Exopthalmos or “pop-eye” in fish is the most common ophthalmic pathology and can be the result of many diseases, injuries and infections. | Exopthalmos or “pop-eye” in fish is the most common ophthalmic pathology and can be the result of many diseases, injuries and infections. | ||
| − | Potential infectious causes include [[Trematodes - Overview|trematode]] infection when flukes reside subretinally, [[Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis]], [[Infectious Haematopoietic Necrosis]], [[Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia]], ''Icthyosporidium'' infection, [[Tuberculosis]], [[Aeromonas species - Overview|'' | + | Potential infectious causes include [[Trematodes - Overview|trematode]] infection when flukes reside subretinally, [[Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis]], , [[Infectious Haematopoietic Necrosis]], [[Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia]], ''Icthyosporidium'' infection, [[Tuberculosis]], [[Aeromonas species - Overview|''Aeromomas spp.'']] and [[Pseudomonas species - Overview|''Pseudomonas spp.'']] infections, [[Vibriosis - Fish|Vibriosis]], [[Enteric Redmouth Disease]], [[Channel Catfish Virus]] and many more. |
Non-infectious causes include [[Gas Bubble Disease]], renal disease and ammonia toxicity. | Non-infectious causes include [[Gas Bubble Disease]], renal disease and ammonia toxicity. | ||
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| + | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | Global | ||
==Signalment== | ==Signalment== | ||
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==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment is highly dependent upon the cause and may or may not exist. | Treatment is highly dependent upon the cause and may or may not exist. | ||
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==Control== | ==Control== | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
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Noga, E. J (2010) '''Fish Disease'''. Wiley & Sons. Various sections. | Noga, E. J (2010) '''Fish Disease'''. Wiley & Sons. Various sections. | ||
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Roberts, H. E (2009) '''Fundamentals of Ornamental Fish Health''' Wiley & Sons. Various sections. | Roberts, H. E (2009) '''Fundamentals of Ornamental Fish Health''' Wiley & Sons. Various sections. | ||
| − | + | [[Category:To Do – Manson review]] | |
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Revision as of 14:57, 22 November 2011
Also Known As – Pop-eye - Exophthalmia
Caused By – Many diseases and infections; see below
Introduction
Exopthalmos or “pop-eye” in fish is the most common ophthalmic pathology and can be the result of many diseases, injuries and infections.
Potential infectious causes include trematode infection when flukes reside subretinally, Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis, , Infectious Haematopoietic Necrosis, Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia, Icthyosporidium infection, Tuberculosis, Aeromomas spp. and Pseudomonas spp. infections, Vibriosis, Enteric Redmouth Disease, Channel Catfish Virus and many more.
Non-infectious causes include Gas Bubble Disease, renal disease and ammonia toxicity.
Distribution
Global
Signalment
Any type of fish, commercial or ornamental, can be affected.
Clinical Signs
The eye/s of affected fish appear to be larger and bulging/protruding from the head. Traumatic injury often occurs as a result.
Diagnosis
The condition can be diagnosed clinically upon visual examination of the fish. Underlying diseases may require serology, bacteriology, parasitology or other investigative techniques.
Treatment
Treatment is highly dependent upon the cause and may or may not exist.
Control
Biosecurity and disease prevention protocols are imperative for control of infectious causes of exopthalmos. Traumatic injury can be prevented by environmental design.
| Exopthalmos - Fish Learning Resources | |
|---|---|
 Test your knowledge using flashcard type questions |
Exopthalmos - Fish Flashcards |
References
Noga, E. J (2010) Fish Disease. Wiley & Sons. Various sections.
Ribelin, W. E (1975) Pathology of Fishes, Symposium Proc. Univ. Wisconsin. pp386-388.
Roberts, H. E (2009) Fundamentals of Ornamental Fish Health Wiley & Sons. Various sections.