Changes

 

[[Image:LH IgD.png|thumb|250px|right|'''IgD''']]

[[Image:LH IgD.png|thumb|250px|right|'''IgD''']]

[[Image:IgD.jpg|thumb|right|250px|IgD - B. Catchpole, RVC 2008]]

[[Image:IgD.jpg|thumb|right|250px|IgD - B. Catchpole, RVC 2008]]

 

IgD is present in ruminants, pigs, dogs and rodents but has not been identified in horses, cats, rabbits and chickens.  It is mainly expressed on the surface of B-cells i.e. it is never secreted.

IgD is present in ruminants, pigs, dogs and rodents but has not been identified in horses, cats, rabbits and chickens.  It is mainly expressed on the surface of B-cells i.e. it is never secreted.

==Structure==

==Structure==

IgD is Y-shaped. In rodents, it has two heavy chain constant regions, whereas other mammals have three. IgD has a long hinge region and no disulfide bonds.

IgD is Y-shaped. In rodents, it has two δ heavy chain constant regions, whereas other mammals have three. IgD has a long hinge region and no disulfide bonds.

==Function==

==Function==

IgD is only expressed in association with [[IgM]]. It is important in B-cell development.  

IgD is only expressed in association with [[IgM]]. It is thought to be important in B-cell development, although it has been shown in δ chain knockout mice (so they have no functional IgD) do not have any noticeable defects in immune function.

<p> Interestingly IgD serum levels increase in allergic reactions, although it is not known why this is.</p>

<center><b>^{[[Immunoglobulins|Immunoglobulins]]: [[Immunoglobulin A|Immunoglobulin A]], [[Immunoglobulin D|Immunoglobulin D]], [[Immunoglobulin E|Immunoglobulin E]], [[Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin G]] & [[Immunoglobulin M|Immunoglobulin M]]}</b></center>

 

 

[[Immunoglobulins|Immunoglobulins]]

 

[[Immunoglobulin A|Immunoglobulin A]]

 

[[Immunoglobulin E|Immunoglobulin E]]

 

[[Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin G]]  

 

[[Immunoglobulin M|Immunoglobulin M]]

<br><br>

[[Category:Immunoglobulins]]

[[Category:Immunoglobulins]]

[[Category:Image Review]]

[[Category:A&P Done]]

[[Category:To Do - A&P]]