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*'''Affinity chromatography''' - a chromatogrphic method based on the highly specific reactions of antigen and antibody. Mainly used for the extraction of monospecific (polyclonal) antibodies and the depletion of cross-reacting antibodies
*'''Affinity chromatography''' - a chromatogrphic method based on the highly specific reactions of antigen and antibody. Mainly used for the extraction of monospecific (polyclonal) antibodies and the depletion of cross-reacting antibodies
*'''Agar gel immunodiffusion''' - see Ouchterlony double immuno diffusion
*'''Agar gel immunodiffusion''' - see Ouchterlony double immuno diffusion
*'''Allotriophagia''' - desire to eat abnormal food stuffs e.g. pebbles or dirt
*'''Alopecia''' - abscence of hair in an area where it is normally present
*'''Alopecia''' - abscence of hair in an area where it is normally present
*'''Anaemia''' - decreased levels of one or more of the following: red blood cell concentration, haematocrit or haemoglobin concentration.
*'''[[Anaemia]]''' - decreased levels of one or more of the following: red blood cell concentration, haematocrit or haemoglobin concentration.
*'''Anagen''' - growth phase of hair cycle
*'''Anagen''' - growth phase of hair cycle
*[[Aldosterone| '''Aldosterone''']] - Adrenocortical hormone that promotes the retention of sodium and excretion of potassium in the duct
*[[Aldosterone| '''Aldosterone''']] - Adrenocortical hormone that promotes the retention of sodium and excretion of potassium in the duct
*'''Astrocytosis''' - Increased numbers of astrocytes (hyperplasia)
*'''Astrocytosis''' - Increased numbers of astrocytes (hyperplasia)
*'''Astrogliosis (or gliosis)''' - Increased numbers of glial fibers
*'''Astrogliosis (or gliosis)''' - Increased numbers of glial fibers
*[[Important Hormonal Regulators of the Kidney - Anatomy & Physiology#Atrial Natriuretic Peptide|'''Atrial Natriuretic Peptide''']] - This hormone is secreted from the atrial walls when blood volume is too high. It affects the renal handling of sodium and water.
*[[Atrial Natriuretic Peptide|'''Atrial Natriuretic Peptide''']] - This hormone is secreted from the atrial walls when blood volume is too high. It affects the renal handling of sodium and water.
*'''Autoinfection''' - establishment of the products of sexual reproduction in the individual animal they were formed
*'''Autoinfection''' - establishment of the products of sexual reproduction in the individual animal they were formed
*'''Direct life-cycle''' - no intermediate host
*'''Direct life-cycle''' - no intermediate host
*'''Diuresis''' - An increased production of Urine
*'''Diuresis''' - An increased production of Urine
*[[The Effects of Diuretics on the Kidneys - Anatomy & Physiology|'''Diuretic''']] - A drug which acts on the tubule to reduce the reabsorption of water and thus increases urine volume
*[[Diuretics Effects on Kidneys - Anatomy & Physiology|'''Diuretic''']] - A drug which acts on the tubule to reduce the reabsorption of water and thus increases urine volume
*'''Dot histogram''' - Statistical chart used for plotting continuous, quantitative, univariate data, showing frequency distribution against a range of parameters
*'''Dot histogram''' - Statistical chart used for plotting continuous, quantitative, univariate data, showing frequency distribution against a range of parameters
*'''Dot plot''' - Statistical chart used for plotting continuous, quantitative, univariate data, each result being displayed as a dot in a two dimentional chart
*'''Dot plot''' - Statistical chart used for plotting continuous, quantitative, univariate data, each result being displayed as a dot in a two dimentional chart
*'''Erythema''' - reddening of skin caused by congestion of capillaries
*'''Erythema''' - reddening of skin caused by congestion of capillaries
*[[Erythropoiesis#Regulation|'''Erythropoietin''']] - A hormone synthesised in the kidney that acts on stem cells of the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]] to stimulate [[Erythrocytes|erythrocyte]] (red blood cell) production.
*[[Erythropoiesis#Regulation|'''Erythropoietin''']] - A hormone synthesised in the kidney that acts on stem cells of the [[Bone Marrow - Anatomy & Physiology|bone marrow]] to stimulate [[Erythrocytes|erythrocyte]] (red blood cell) production.
*[[Introduction to Fluid Movement - Physiology#Extracellular Fluid|'''Extracellular Fluid (ECF)''']] - Comprises the blood plasma, the tissue fluid and the lymph
*[[Fluid Movement - Physiology#Extracellular Fluid|'''Extracellular Fluid (ECF)''']] - Comprises the blood plasma, the tissue fluid and the lymph
*'''Gemistocytic astrocytosis''' - Astrocytic hyperplasia in which gemistocytic forms predominate
*'''Gemistocytic astrocytosis''' - Astrocytic hyperplasia in which gemistocytic forms predominate
*'''Generation Time''' - time taken for one generation to complete its life cycle
*'''Generation Time''' - time taken for one generation to complete its life cycle
*[[The Formation of the Filtrate by the Glomerular Apparatus- Anatomy & Physiology#Function of the Renal Corpuscle|'''Glomerular Filtration Barrier''']] - This structure is responsible for the selective filtration of the blood in the glomerulus. It is made up of three layers.
*[[Glomerular Apparatus and Filtration - Anatomy & Physiology#Function of the Renal Corpuscle|'''Glomerular Filtration Barrier''']] - This structure is responsible for the selective filtration of the blood in the glomerulus. It is made up of three layers.
*[[The Formation of the Filtrate by the Glomerular Apparatus- Anatomy & Physiology#Glomerular Filtration Rate|'''Glomerular Filtration Rate''']] - The volume of fluid filtered from the capillaries into the bowmans capsule every minute.
*[[Glomerular Apparatus and Filtration - Anatomy & Physiology#Glomerular Filtration Rate|'''Glomerular Filtration Rate''']] - The volume of fluid filtered from the capillaries into the bowmans capsule every minute.
*[[The Formation of the Filtrate by the Glomerular Apparatus- Anatomy & Physiology|'''Glomerulus''']] - A mass of anastomsing capillaries encased in the Bowman's capsule. The function of the glomerulus is to filter components of the blood before they pass to the tubules. The filtrate that is formed consists of water and low molecular weight constituents. The afferent arteriole supplies the glomerulus and the efferent arteriole drains it.
*[[Glomerular Apparatus and Filtration - Anatomy & Physiology|'''Glomerulus''']] - A mass of anastomsing capillaries encased in the Bowman's capsule. The function of the glomerulus is to filter components of the blood before they pass to the tubules. The filtrate that is formed consists of water and low molecular weight constituents. The afferent arteriole supplies the glomerulus and the efferent arteriole drains it.
*'''Growth factors''' - Various chemicals particularly polypeptides, that have a variety of important roles in the stimulation of new cell growth and cell maintenance
*'''Growth factors''' - Various chemicals particularly polypeptides, that have a variety of important roles in the stimulation of new cell growth and cell maintenance
===M===
===M===
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#Distal Tubule#Juxtaglomerular Apparatus|'''Macula Densa''']] - This structure found in the wall of the distal tubule is involved in the regulation of GFR via [[Autoregulation of GFR - Anatomy and Physiology#Tubuloglomerular Feedback (TGF)|tubuloglomerular feedback]]
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Distal Tubule and Collecting Duct - Anatomy & Physiology#Distal Tubule#Juxtaglomerular Apparatus|'''Macula Densa''']] - This structure found in the wall of the distal tubule is involved in the regulation of GFR via tubuloglomerular feedback
*'''Macule''' - circumscribed change in skin colour < 1cm in diameter
*'''Macule''' - circumscribed change in skin colour < 1cm in diameter
*'''Malacia''' - Necrosis
*'''Malacia''' - Necrosis
*'''Medullary Ray''' - Middle part of a renal lobule. Its a straight tube which a nephron drains into and it connects to a collecting duct. They are only in the renal cortex and its name refers to where it is heading not where it is located.
*'''Medullary Ray''' - Middle part of a renal lobule. Its a straight tube which a nephron drains into and it connects to a collecting duct. They are only in the renal cortex and its name refers to where it is heading not where it is located.
*[[Process of Micturition - Anatomy & Physiology|'''Micturition''']] - Is the normal process of the passive storage and active voiding of urine
*[[Micturition - Anatomy & Physiology|'''Micturition''']] - Is the normal process of the passive storage and active voiding of urine
*'''Meningitis''' - Inflammation of the Meninges
*'''Meningitis''' - Inflammation of the Meninges
*'''Meningo''' - Of the Meninges
*'''Meningo''' - Of the Meninges
===N===
===N===
*'''Natriuresis''' - Abnormal amounts of sodium loss in the urine
*'''Natriuresis''' - Abnormal amounts of sodium loss in the urine
*[[The Nephron - Anatomy & Physiology|'''Nephron''']] - The functional unit of the kidney consisting of the renal corpuscule and renal tubule.
*[[:Category:Nephron|'''Nephron''']] - The functional unit of the kidney consisting of the renal corpuscule and renal tubule.
*'''Nodule''' - Large, cicumscibed solid elevation usually extending into deeper layers
*'''Nodule''' - Large, cicumscibed solid elevation usually extending into deeper layers
*'''Nymph''' - immature stage in the life-cycle morphologically similar to the adult
*'''Nymph''' - immature stage in the life-cycle morphologically similar to the adult
*'''Osborndale Ivanhoe''' - name of the bull in which the BLAD mutation was first identified. He lived in the 1950's in the USA
*'''Osborndale Ivanhoe''' - name of the bull in which the BLAD mutation was first identified. He lived in the 1950's in the USA
*'''Osmolality''' - Number of osmoles of solute per kilo of solvent
*'''Osmolality''' - Number of osmoles of solute per kilo of solvent
*[[Introduction to Fluid Movement - Physiology#Osmolarity|'''Osmolarity''']] - Number of osmoles of solute per litre of solutions
*[[Fluid Movement - Physiology#Osmolarity|'''Osmolarity''']] - Number of osmoles of solute per litre of solutions
*'''Osmole''' - It is a non-SI unit which represents the number of moles of a chemical compound which
*'''Osmole''' - It is a non-SI unit which represents the number of moles of a chemical compound which
*[[Osmosis and Filtration - Anatomy & Physiology|'''Osmosis''']] - The passive transport of water across a semi-permeable membrane
*[[Osmosis and Filtration - Anatomy & Physiology|'''Osmosis''']] - The passive transport of water across a semi-permeable membrane
*'''Predilection site''' - parasites establish at a particular anatomical site ot in a particular tissue
*'''Predilection site''' - parasites establish at a particular anatomical site ot in a particular tissue
*'''Prepatent period''' - time from infection of the host to the appearance of eggs or larvae in faeces, blood or urine
*'''Prepatent period''' - time from infection of the host to the appearance of eggs or larvae in faeces, blood or urine
*[[Kidney - Blood Pressure - Anatomy & Physiology#Pressure Diuresis|'''Pressure Diuresis''']] - Increasing blood pressure increases urinary output
*[[Kidney Control of Blood Pressure - Anatomy & Physiology#Pressure Diuresis|'''Pressure Diuresis''']] - Increasing blood pressure increases urinary output
*[[Kidney - Blood Pressure - Anatomy & Physiology#Pressure Natriuresis|'''Pressure Natriuresis''']] - When blood pressure is increased sodium reabsorption decreases. This helps to restore blood pressure back to normal
*[[Kidney Control of Blood Pressure - Anatomy & Physiology#Pressure Natriuresis|'''Pressure Natriuresis''']] - When blood pressure is increased sodium reabsorption decreases. This helps to restore blood pressure back to normal
*'''Pruritis''' - intense and persistent itching
*'''Pruritis''' - intense and persistent itching
*'''Pustule''' - small circumscribed elevation containing pus
*'''Pustule''' - small circumscribed elevation containing pus
*'''Regolatory T-cells (Treg)''' - subpopulation of CD4-cells which supress T-cells
*'''Regolatory T-cells (Treg)''' - subpopulation of CD4-cells which supress T-cells
*'''Renal Clearance''' - Is dependant on glomerular filtration rate and demonstrates the kidneys ability to remove a compound from the blood.
*'''Renal Clearance''' - Is dependant on glomerular filtration rate and demonstrates the kidneys ability to remove a compound from the blood.
*[[The Formation of the Filtrate by the Glomerular Apparatus- Anatomy & Physiology|'''Renal Corpuscule''']] - Consists of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, a single layer of epithelial cells (podocytes) resting on a basement membrane.
*[[Glomerular Apparatus and Filtration - Anatomy & Physiology|'''Renal Corpuscule''']] - Consists of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, a single layer of epithelial cells (podocytes) resting on a basement membrane.
*[[Macroscopic Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|'''Renal Lobe''']] - A multipyramidal kidney has several lobes each consisting of a renal pyramid and the piece of cortex above it. A unipyramidal kidney only has one of these
*[[Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|'''Renal Lobe''']] - A multipyramidal kidney has several lobes each consisting of a renal pyramid and the piece of cortex above it. A unipyramidal kidney only has one of these
*[[Macroscopic Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|'''Renal Lobule''']] - Groups of these make up a renal lobe. It is a collective name for a group of nephrons draining into a single medullary ray which in turn drains into a collecting duct
*[[Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|'''Renal Lobule''']] - Groups of these make up a renal lobe. It is a collective name for a group of nephrons draining into a single medullary ray which in turn drains into a collecting duct
*[[Macroscopic Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|'''Renal Pyramid''']] - Visible grossly this is the region of the medulla which appears triangular in cross section. They are actually cone shaped and the pointed part which faces towards the renal pelvis is termed the apex and the part against the cortex the base.
*[[Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|'''Renal Pyramid''']] - Visible grossly this is the region of the medulla which appears triangular in cross section. They are actually cone shaped and the pointed part which faces towards the renal pelvis is termed the apex and the part against the cortex the base.
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#Glucose#Filtration and Reabsorption|'''Renal Threshold''']] - The concentration at which glucose begins to appear in the urine
*[[Reabsorption and Secretion Along the Proximal Tubule - Anatomy & Physiology#Glucose#Filtration and Reabsorption|'''Renal Threshold''']] - The concentration at which glucose begins to appear in the urine
*[[The Endocrine Function of the Kidney - Anatomy & Physiology#Renin|'''Renin''']] - A proteolytic enzyme synthesised in the kidney that plays a role in the regulation of blood pressure via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
*[[Kidney Endocrine Function - Anatomy & Physiology#Renin|'''Renin''']] - A proteolytic enzyme synthesised in the kidney that plays a role in the regulation of blood pressure via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
*'''Reservoir host''' - infected definitive host which can act as a source of infection for other animals
*'''Reservoir host''' - infected definitive host which can act as a source of infection for other animals
*'''Resilience''' - ability of an animal to withstand the effects of infection
*'''Resilience''' - ability of an animal to withstand the effects of infection