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*Blue inclusions in cytoplasm of Giemsa-stained cels
 
*Blue inclusions in cytoplasm of Giemsa-stained cels
 
*Antigen detection kits for diagnosis from swabs  
 
*Antigen detection kits for diagnosis from swabs  
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*Two morphological forms
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**Elementary body, the infective extracellular form, which is small, metabolically inert and osmotically stable; surrounded by cytoplasmic membrane, outer membrane with LPS, but no peptidoglycan
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**Retiuculate body: larger, metabolically active, osmotically fragile
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===Pathogenesis and pathogenicity===
 
===Pathogenesis and pathogenicity===
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*Elementary body, the infective form, phagocytosed and internalised into host epithelial cells
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*Elementary body enters host epithelial cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis
*Transformation into larger reticulate body
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*Transformation into larger reticulate body within endosome; known as an inclusion
 
*Reticulate body divides by binary fission to form many new chlamydia cells
 
*Reticulate body divides by binary fission to form many new chlamydia cells
*Reticulate body has un-crosslinked peptidoglycan, which is cross-linked to form elementary bodies
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*Reticulate bodies mature and condense to form elementary bodies
*Elementary bodies released from dying host cells to infect other cells
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*Elementary bodies released from dying host cells after about 72 hours to infect other cells
*Persistent infections
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*Persistent infections can occur if replication delayed by environmental conditions
 
*Many infections subclinical due to intracellular existence of ''chlamydia'' preventing inflammatory reactions
 
*Many infections subclinical due to intracellular existence of ''chlamydia'' preventing inflammatory reactions
 
*Clinical infections occur in non-natural host species
 
*Clinical infections occur in non-natural host species
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