|
|
| (45 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| − | {{OpenPagesTop}}
| + | <big><center>[[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big> |
| | + | |
| | ==Introduction== | | ==Introduction== |
| | | | |
| − | The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is the chamber connecting the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity]], [[Nasal Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology|nasal cavity]], [[Oesophagus - Anatomy & Physiology|oesophagus]] and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]]. The [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]] is divided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx and [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Laryngeal Pharynx|laryngeal pharynx]] which all have different functions, innervation and develop differently. The oropharynx is the oral section of the [[Pharynx - Anatomy & Physiology|pharynx]]. | + | The pharynx is a chamber connecting the oral cavity, nasal cavity, oesophagus and larynx. The pharynx is divided into the nasal pharynx, oral pharynx and oesophageal/laryngeal pharynx which all have different functions, innervation and develope differently. |
| − | [[Image:Pharynx Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Pharynx Labelled - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]]
| |
| | | | |
| − | ==Structure and Function==
| + | The oropharynx is the oral section of the pharynx. |
| | | | |
| − | The last molar borders rostrally and the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Epiglottis|epiglottis]] caudally. The [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] borders ventrally and the [[Soft Palate|soft palate]] dorsally. It is derived from endoderm.
| + | ==Functional Anatomy== |
| | | | |
| − | The oropharynx is innervated by the '''glossopharyngeal nerve''' ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]). It is divided by the '''glossopalatine arch''' from the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Laryngeal Pharynx|laryngeal pharynx]].
| + | *Last molar rostrally |
| − | | |
| − | ==Histology==
| |
| | | | |
| − | The oropharynx has a '''stratified squamous epithelium'''. It is keratinised in ruminants. The '''lamina propria''' contains aggregates of lymphoid tissue (called tonsils) in several parts of the oropharynx.
| + | *Epiglottis caudally |
| | | | |
| − | ==Musculature==
| + | *Tongue ventrally |
| | | | |
| − | '''Constrictors'''
| + | *Soft palate dorsally |
| | | | |
| − | The constrictor muscles include the '''hyopharyngeus''', '''thyropharyngeus''' and '''cricopharyngeus'''.
| |
| | | | |
| − | '''Dilators'''
| + | ==Musculature== |
| | | | |
| − | The dilator muscle is the '''stylopharyngeus'''.
| |
| | | | |
| − | The '''pterygopharyngeus''' muscle shortens the oropharynx and the '''palatopharyngeus''' muscle closes the pharyngeal arch.
| |
| | | | |
| | ==Innervation== | | ==Innervation== |
| | | | |
| − | Muscles from the pharyngeal arch are innervated by the '''vagus nerve''' ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]]). The stylopharyngeus from the pharyngeal arch is innervated by the '''glossopharyngeal nerve''' ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]).
| |
| | | | |
| − | {{Template:Learning
| |
| − | |quiz = [[Oropharyngeal anatomy]]
| |
| − | |flashcards = [[Oropharynx Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards]]
| |
| − | |Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/Content/Illustration/ill50412.asp Oropharynx Stick injury]
| |
| − | }}
| |
| | | | |
| − | {{OpenPages}}
| + | ==Histology== |
| − | [[Category:Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology]]
| |
BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
Introduction
The pharynx is a chamber connecting the oral cavity, nasal cavity, oesophagus and larynx. The pharynx is divided into the nasal pharynx, oral pharynx and oesophageal/laryngeal pharynx which all have different functions, innervation and develope differently.
The oropharynx is the oral section of the pharynx.
Functional Anatomy
Musculature
Innervation
Histology