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Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Feline Cardiomyopathies (view source)
Revision as of 17:57, 17 October 2013
, 17:57, 17 October 2013no edit summary
====Left-sided Congestive Heart Failure====
====Left-sided Congestive Heart Failure====
*Dyspnoea, tachypnoea, crackles (pulmonary oedema)
*Dyspnoea, tachypnoea, crackles (pulmonary oedema)
*Dyspnoea, restrictive pattern (fast,shallow breathing), muffled heart and ventral lung sounds (pleural effusion)
*Dyspnoea, restrictive pattern (rapid,shallow breathing), muffled heart and ventral lung sounds (pleural effusion)
====Right-sided Congestive Heart Failure====
====Right-sided Congestive Heart Failure====
* Jugular pulse
* Jugular pulse
==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
===Radiography===
===Radiography===
Radiographs are useful for the diagnosis of congestive heart failure, however they are not able to distinguish the underlying cardiomyopathy. Radiographs may reveal left atrial dilation. On the dorso-ventral projection, a classic 'Valentine heart' shape may be evident due to the marked left atrial/biatrial dilation. Pulmonary venous conjestion, interstitial/alveolar pattern or the presence of a pleural effusion may be identified. These findings are not specific for RCM.
Radiographs are useful for the diagnosis of congestive heart failure, however they are not able to distinguish the underlying cardiomyopathy. Radiographs may reveal left atrial dilation. On the dorso-ventral projection, a classic 'Valentine heart' shape may be evident due to the marked left atrial/biatrial dilation. Pulmonary venous conjestion, interstitial/alveolar pattern or the presence of a pleural effusion may be identified in cases of left-sided congestive heart failure. Dilation of the caudal vena cava may be observed if right-sided congestive heart failure is present. These findings are not specific for RCM.
===Echocardiography===
===Echocardiography===
==Prognosis==
==Prognosis==
Cats with RCM usually present with advanced disease, the long term prognosis is therefore guarded.
Cats with RCM usually present with advanced disease, the long term prognosis is therefore guarded. One study of 22 cats with RCM found a median survival time of 132 days.
==References==
==References==
* Fox PR. Endomyocardial fibrosis and restrictive cardiomyopathy: Pathologic and clinical features. J Vet Cardiol 2004;6:25-31.
*Ferasin L. Feline myocardial disease. 1: Classification, pathophysiology and clinical presentation. J Feline Med Surg 2009;11:3-13.
*Fox PR. Endomyocardial fibrosis and restrictive cardiomyopathy: Pathologic and clinical features. J Vet Cardiol 2004;6:25-31.
[[Category:Cardiology Section]]