Difference between revisions of "Gizzard - Anatomy & Physiology"
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Fiorecastro (talk | contribs) |
|||
(29 intermediate revisions by 9 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
− | + | <big><center>[[Avian Digestive Tract - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO THE AVIAN DIGESTIVE TRACT - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big> | |
+ | |||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
− | The gizzard is also referred to as the muscular stomach | + | The gizzard is also referred to as the muscular stomach. It is connected by the isthmus to the [[The Proventriculus - Anatomy & Physiology|proventriculus]] and to the [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]]. |
+ | |||
==Structure and Function== | ==Structure and Function== | ||
− | [[Image:Gizzard Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right| | + | [[Image:Gizzard Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Gizzard Anatomy - RVC 2008]] |
− | + | *Mechanical reduction of tougher material through powerful muscular development | |
+ | |||
+ | *Cranial to the liver and spleen (contacts the liver) | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Contacts the sternum and lower left abdominal wall | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Dorsally the abdominal air sacs separate it from the intestines and gonads | ||
+ | |||
+ | *[[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|Duodenum]] and pancreas lies in its caudal right surface | ||
+ | |||
+ | *More caudal than the [[The Proventriculus - Anatomy & Physiology|proventriculus]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Roughly on the midline of the bird | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Lens shaped | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Interior elongated by cranial and caudal blind sacs | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Cranial blind sac contacts [[The Proventriculus - Anatomy & Physiology|proventriculus]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Pylorus on right surface next to cranial blind sac | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Two thick masses of muscle that insert on tendonous surfaces | ||
+ | |||
+ | *In seed eating birds grit is digested to increase grinding down of food particles | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Surface covered by glistening tendonous layer | ||
+ | |||
+ | *The cranial and caudal extremities are formed by powerful red muscular tissue | ||
+ | |||
+ | *A circular aponeurosis is present connecting the cranial end of the gizzard to the isthmus and the caudal end to the [[Duodenum - Anatomy & Physiology|duodenum]] | ||
− | |||
==Histology== | ==Histology== | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | *Thin, but tough mucous membrane | |
− | + | *Pale, thin lining raised into ridges | |
− | + | *3 layers of lamina muscularis | |
− | == | + | *Cuboidal epithelium |
+ | |||
+ | *Tubular glands | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Cuticle of koilin a carbohydrate complex is present due to the solidifying of the glandular secretion. It is replenished as it is worn down. | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Thick keratin layer to protect muscle | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Species Diffences== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *No gizzard in falconiformes (raptors etc.) | ||
+ | |||
+ | *No gizzard in stringiformes (owls etc.) | ||
− | + | *No gizzard in gulls | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | == | + | ==Other Information== |
− | |||
− | + | *Grit should be provided in seed eating birds diet. It is radiodense and marks out where the gizzard is located on radiographs. | |
− |
Revision as of 12:49, 10 July 2008
Introduction
The gizzard is also referred to as the muscular stomach. It is connected by the isthmus to the proventriculus and to the duodenum.
Structure and Function
- Mechanical reduction of tougher material through powerful muscular development
- Cranial to the liver and spleen (contacts the liver)
- Contacts the sternum and lower left abdominal wall
- Dorsally the abdominal air sacs separate it from the intestines and gonads
- Duodenum and pancreas lies in its caudal right surface
- More caudal than the proventriculus
- Roughly on the midline of the bird
- Lens shaped
- Interior elongated by cranial and caudal blind sacs
- Cranial blind sac contacts proventriculus
- Pylorus on right surface next to cranial blind sac
- Two thick masses of muscle that insert on tendonous surfaces
- In seed eating birds grit is digested to increase grinding down of food particles
- Surface covered by glistening tendonous layer
- The cranial and caudal extremities are formed by powerful red muscular tissue
- A circular aponeurosis is present connecting the cranial end of the gizzard to the isthmus and the caudal end to the duodenum
Histology
- Thin, but tough mucous membrane
- Pale, thin lining raised into ridges
- 3 layers of lamina muscularis
- Cuboidal epithelium
- Tubular glands
- Cuticle of koilin a carbohydrate complex is present due to the solidifying of the glandular secretion. It is replenished as it is worn down.
- Thick keratin layer to protect muscle
Species Diffences
- No gizzard in falconiformes (raptors etc.)
- No gizzard in stringiformes (owls etc.)
- No gizzard in gulls
Other Information
- Grit should be provided in seed eating birds diet. It is radiodense and marks out where the gizzard is located on radiographs.