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| + | ==Introduction== |
| + | Acute or chronic inflammation of the [[Tongue - Anatomy & Physiology|tongue]] usually secondary to an infectious, physical, chemical or metabolic cause. |
| + | Infectious causes include [[Feline Calicivirus|calicivirus]], [[Feline Herpesvirus 1|feline herpesvirus]], panleukopanenia, [[Fungi|fungal]], necrotising [[stomatitis]] and [[Leptospirosis - Cats and Dogs|leptospirosis]]. Physical causes may be irritation from [[Periodontal Disease|periodontal disease]], foreign bodies and trauma. Metabolic causes such as [[Uraemia|uraemia]], vitamin deficiencies and hypoparathyoidism can also be responsible. |
| + | Additionally heavy metal poisoning and other chemicals can cause glossitis. |
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| ==Signalment== | | ==Signalment== |
− | *Long coated dogs that commonly get plant seeds stuck in their coats.
| + | Any animal can become affected however dogs are more frequently at risk due to their non discriminatory eating habits. |
− | ==Description==
| + | |
− | Acute or chronic inflammation of the tongue usually secondary to an infectious, physical, chemical or metabolic cause:
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− | *'''Infectious''': [[Feline Calicivirus|calicivirus]], [[Feline Herpesvirus 1|feline herpesvirus]], panleukopanenia, [[Fungi|fungal]], necrotising stomatitis and [[:Category:Leptospiraceae|leptospirosis]]
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− | *'''Physical''': irritation from [[Periodontal Disease|periodontal disease]], foreign bodies and trauma
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− | *'''Metabolic''': [[Kidney Renal Failure - Pathology#Uraemia|uraemia]], vitamin deficiencies and hypoparathyoidism
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− | *'''Chemical''': heavy metal poisoning
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| ==Diagnosis== | | ==Diagnosis== |
| ===History=== | | ===History=== |
− | Ingestion of a foreign body
| + | There may be a history of ingestion of a foreign body or access to chemicals. |
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| ===Clinical Signs=== | | ===Clinical Signs=== |
− | *drooling
| + | Include drooling, bleeding, dysphagia, a reddened, swollen and ulcerated tongue edge in the case of periodontal disease. |
− | *bleeding
| + | A foreign body may be visualised under the tongue (they may become embedded so that they cannot be palpated) or an acute swelling in the case of insect stings. |
− | *dysphagia
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− | *a reddened, swollen and ulcerated tongue edge in the case of [[Periodontal Disease|periodontal disease]].
| + | In chronic ulcerative glossitis there may be a thick, malodourous brown discharge present. |
− | *visualisation of a foreign body under the tongue (they may become embedded so that they cannot be palpated).
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− | *acute swelling in the case of insect stings
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− | *in chronic ulcerative glossitis there may be a thick, malodourous brown discharge.
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| ===Definitive Diagnosis=== | | ===Definitive Diagnosis=== |
− | Careful examination of the entire mouth which the animal may resisit. | + | Careful examination of the entire mouth which the animal may resist. |
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| ==Treatment== | | ==Treatment== |
| Involves treating the primary cause. Removal of any foreign objects or diseased teeth. Systemic antibiotics for bacterial causes. Debridement, 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwashes, lingual curettage (in the case of a deep foreign body) may also be used to treat glossitis. Nutritional support should be offered if required. | | Involves treating the primary cause. Removal of any foreign objects or diseased teeth. Systemic antibiotics for bacterial causes. Debridement, 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwashes, lingual curettage (in the case of a deep foreign body) may also be used to treat glossitis. Nutritional support should be offered if required. |
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| + | <big><b>Also see [[Glossitis, Ulcerative]]</b></big> |
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| + | {{Learning |
| + | |literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?it=any&q1=glossitis&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&occuring1=title&show=all&rowId=1&rowId=2&rowId=3&options1=AND&options2=AND&options3=AND&occuring3=freetext&occuring2=freetext&publishedend=yyyy&la=any&publishedstart=yyyy&fq=sc%3A%22ve%22&y=12&x=39 Glossitis publications] |
| + | |Vetstream = [https://www.vetstream.com/canis/search?s=glossal Glossal diseases] |
| + | }} |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
| Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual''' | | Merck & Co (2008) '''The Merck Veterinary Manual''' |
− | [[Category:Tongue_-_Pathology]][[Category:Dog]][[Category:To_Do_-_Clinical]] | + | |
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| + | [[Category:Tongue_-_Pathology]][[Category:Oral Diseases - Dog]][[Category:Oral Diseases - Cat]] |
| + | [[Category:Expert_Review - Small Animal]] |
| + | [[Category:LisaM reviewing]] |