Difference between revisions of "Large Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology"
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− | + | <big><center>[[Alimentary - Anatomy & Physiology|'''BACK TO ALIMENTARY - ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY''']]</center></big> | |
+ | |||
+ | ==Introduction== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The large intestine extends from the [[Ileum - Anatomy & Physiology|ileum]] of the [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]] to the anus. It absorbs water from the ingesta and stores faeces prior to defeacation. Every species has a large microbial population living in the large intestine, which is of particular importance to the [[Hindgut Fermenters - Anatomy & Physiology|hindgut fermenters]]. For this reason, hindgut fermenters have a more complex large intestine with highly specialised regions for fermentation. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The large intestine can be divided into: | ||
+ | |||
+ | *[[Caecum - Anatomy & Physiology|Caecum]] | ||
+ | *[[Colon - Anatomy & Physiology|Colon]] | ||
+ | *[[Rectum - Anatomy & Physiology|Rectum]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Structure== | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Function== | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Vasculature== | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Innervation== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *Like the [[Small Intestine - Anatomy & Physiology|small intestine]], the large intestine recieves sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation. | ||
+ | *Neurones interact with the myenteric plexus to affect contractility, and with the submucosal plexus to affect secretions. | ||
+ | **The '''sympathetic '''have coeliac, cranial mesenteric and caudal mesenteric ganglia. | ||
+ | **As the sympathetic fibres leave the ganglia, they surround their respective artery. | ||
+ | **'''Parasympathetic''' innervation stimulates peristalsis. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Lymphatics== | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==Histology== | ||
+ | |||
+ | *The muscosa of the large intestine is smooth; there are '''no villi'''. | ||
+ | *There are numerous scattered lymph nodules. | ||
+ | *Taenia may be present. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Species Differences== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Carnivore=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Ruminant=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===[[Hingut Fermenters|Horse]]=== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Pig=== | ||
+ | *Taenia present | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Links== | ||
+ | [[The Small and Large Intestines|Pathology of the Small and Large Intestine]] |
Revision as of 09:06, 12 July 2008
Introduction
The large intestine extends from the ileum of the small intestine to the anus. It absorbs water from the ingesta and stores faeces prior to defeacation. Every species has a large microbial population living in the large intestine, which is of particular importance to the hindgut fermenters. For this reason, hindgut fermenters have a more complex large intestine with highly specialised regions for fermentation.
The large intestine can be divided into:
Structure
Function
Vasculature
Innervation
- Like the small intestine, the large intestine recieves sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation.
- Neurones interact with the myenteric plexus to affect contractility, and with the submucosal plexus to affect secretions.
- The sympathetic have coeliac, cranial mesenteric and caudal mesenteric ganglia.
- As the sympathetic fibres leave the ganglia, they surround their respective artery.
- Parasympathetic innervation stimulates peristalsis.
Lymphatics
Histology
- The muscosa of the large intestine is smooth; there are no villi.
- There are numerous scattered lymph nodules.
- Taenia may be present.
Species Differences
Carnivore
Ruminant
Horse
Pig
- Taenia present