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| | + | Most conditions affecting horses can be found in donkeys and the diagnostic approach to infertility is similar to that used in stallions (Tibary, 2005). <u>Testicular descent may be delayed until two or three years of age.</u> In donkeys, the authors (Tibary, A., Sghiri, A. & Bakkoury, M.) have seen several cases of '''cryptorchidism, haemospermia '''and '''ejaculation failure'''. |
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| | + | '''Oestrone sulphate levels are not a good indicator of the presence of testicular tissue and CANNOT be used to differentiate between cryptorchid males and geldings displaying male behaviour''' (Arrighi and Bosu, 1989). A standard technique for the diagnosis of cryptorchidism is to determine testosterone levels before and at 2 hours and 24 hours after intravenous administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin (6,000-10,000 IUhCG). <u>Males with testicular tissue should have a circulating testosterone level greater than 100 pg/ml or should register at least a twofold increase in testosterone concentration after hCG challenge.</u> |
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| | + | [[Castration - Donkey|'''Castration''']] tends to result in a higher incidence of [[Castration - Donkey#Complications of castration|haemorrhage complications]]. This is not the case for mules. '''Ectopic testicles''' (Ragab and Mostafa, 1993), '''interstitial cell tumours '''(Panebianco, 1960) and '''infectious epididymitis '''(Schebitz and Hansen, 1959) have been |
| | + | reported. In the authors’ (Tibary, A., Sghiri, A. & Bakkoury, M.) experience, '''testicular degeneration''' is common and may be due to nutritional causes and heavy parasitism. '''Orchitis''' may be caused by [[Strongyles - Large - Donkey|strongyle ''larva migrans'']]. |
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| | + | ==Literature Search== |
| | + | [[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]] |
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| | + | Use these links to find recent scientific publications via CAB Abstracts (log in required unless accessing from a subscribing organisation). |
| | + | <br><br><br> |
| | + | [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=subject%3A%28male+reproductive+diseases%29+AND+od%3A%28donkeys%29&fq=sc%3A%22ve%22 Male reproductive diseases in the donkey publications] |
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| | + | ==References== |
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| | + | * Tibary, A., Sghiri, A. & Bakkoury, M. (2008) Reproduction In Svendsen, E.D., Duncan, J. and Hadrill, D. (2008) ''The Professional Handbook of the Donkey'', 4th edition, Whittet Books, Chapter 17 |
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| | |linkpage =Reproductive Disorders - Donkey | | |linkpage =Reproductive Disorders - Donkey |
| | |linktext =Reproductive Disorders - Donkey | | |linktext =Reproductive Disorders - Donkey |
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| | + | {{infotable |
| | + | |Maintitle = [[Sponsors#The Donkey Sanctuary|This section was sponsored and content provided by '''THE DONKEY SANCTUARY''']] |
| | + | |Maintitlebackcolour = B4CDCD |
| | + | }} |
| | + | [[Category:Donkey]] |
| | + | [[Category:Reproductive_Disorders_-_Donkey]] |