Difference between revisions of "Chinchilla Reproduction - Anatomy & Physiology"

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== MALE ==
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<big><center>[[Reproductive System|'''BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM''']]</center></big>
  
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=== Scrotum and Testes ===
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<big><center>[[Reproductive_System#Small_Domestic_Mammals|'''BACK TO SMALL DOMESTIC MAMMALS''']]</center></big>
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* Only a very slight scrotal region is visible externally (no true scrotum).
 
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* Thin-walled '''scrotal diverticula''' extend cranially on either side of the base of the penis.
 
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* Each diverticulum is occupied by the tail of the '''epididymis'''.
 
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* On either side of the anus are two '''postanal sacs'''.
 
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** Caudal epididymis can lie in the postanal sacs.
 
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* '''Testes''' and head of the '''epididymis''' is in the region of the '''inguinal ring'''.
 
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* Large fat body extends cranially into the abdominal cavity from the cranial pole of each testis.
 
  
  
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=== Accessory Sex Glands===
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== Male ==
  
 +
* Thin-walled scrotal diverticula extend cranially on either side of the base of the penis.
 +
** Only a very slight scrotal region is visible externally.
 +
* Each diverticulum is occupied by the tail of the epididymis.
 +
* Testes and head of the '''epididymis''' is in the region of the '''inguinal ring'''.
 +
* Large fat body extends cranially into the abdominal cavity from the cranial pole of each testis.
 +
* '''Vesicular glands''' are very long and tubular.
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* '''Prostate gland''' has paired large ventral lobes and paired small dorsal lobes.
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* '''Bulbourethral glands''' are dorsolateral to '''ischiocavernosus muscles'''.
 +
** Isciocavernosus muscles are enormous, swelling on either side of the rectum and meeting over its top.
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* Penis points caudally when relaxed and cranially when erect.
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** 5cm in length
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** Sigmoid flexure
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** Os penis in the distal portion.
  
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==== Vesicular Glands ====
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----
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* Very long and tubular.
 
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==== Prostate Gland ====
 
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* Paired large ventral lobes and paired small dorsal lobes.
 
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==== Bulbourethral Glands ====
 
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* Dorsolateral to '''ischiocavernosus muscles'''.
 
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** Ischiocavernosus muscles are enormous, swelling on either side of the rectum and meeting over its top.
 
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=== Penis ===
 
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* Penis points caudally when relaxed and cranially when [[Erection - Anatomy & Physiology|erect]].
 
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* 1.5cm in length
 
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* '''Sigmoid flexure'''
 
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* '''Os penis''' in the distal portion.
 
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** The small supporting bone is known as the '''baculum'''.
 
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=== Copulation ===
 
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* [[Spermatogenesis_and_Spermiation_- Anatomy & Physiology|Spermatogenesis]] occurs at about 2-3 months.
 
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* Copulatory maturity is not until about 8 months.
 
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* Breeds all year round.
 
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* '''Copulatory plug''' at mating.
 
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== FEMALE ==
 
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=== Reproductive Tract ===
 
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* [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|Ovaries]] are just caudolateral to the [[Renal Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology#Common Anatomy|kidneys]].
 
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* [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology#Anatomical_Types_of_Uteri|Bicornuate duplex uterus]].
 
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* [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|Uterine lumena]] do not fuse. 
 
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** The two uterine horns continue into seperate [[Cervix - Anatomy & Physiology|cervices]]
 
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** Open separately into a single [[Vagina and Vestibule - Anatomy & Physiology|vagina]].
 
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* Membrane covers [[Vagina and Vestibule - Anatomy & Physiology|vaginal]] opening except at oestrus and during [[Normal Parturition - Anatomy & Physiology|parturition]].
 
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=== Puberty and Sexual Maturity ===
 
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* '''Puberty''' at ~8 months
 
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** Puberty can be same year as birth, but if the chinchilla is born late in the year it will not reach puberty until the next breading season.
 
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=== Oestrous Cyclicity ===
 
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* In the Northern Hemisphere the breeding season is November-May.
 
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* Seasonally polyoestrus with a mean cycle of ~40 days.
 
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* Post-partum oestrus.
 
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** Often two litters per year, three are possible.
 
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* Breeding life is ~10 years.
 
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=== Gestation and Offspring===
 
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==== Gestation ====
 
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* Long gestation period: 111 days.
 
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==== Litter ====
 
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* Litter size 1-6
 
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* Precocious offspring
 
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** Weaning age is 6 weeks.
 
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=== Mammary Gland ===
 
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* Three pairs
 
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** One inguinal pair
 
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** Two lateral thoracic
 
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* Teats protrude sideways, allowing the young to sit beside the dam and suckle.
 
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[[Category:Small Mammal Reproduction]]
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== Female ==
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[[Category:Bullet Points]]
 

Revision as of 13:04, 15 July 2008

BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
BACK TO SMALL DOMESTIC MAMMALS


Male

  • Thin-walled scrotal diverticula extend cranially on either side of the base of the penis.
    • Only a very slight scrotal region is visible externally.
  • Each diverticulum is occupied by the tail of the epididymis.
  • Testes and head of the epididymis is in the region of the inguinal ring.
  • Large fat body extends cranially into the abdominal cavity from the cranial pole of each testis.
  • Vesicular glands are very long and tubular.
  • Prostate gland has paired large ventral lobes and paired small dorsal lobes.
  • Bulbourethral glands are dorsolateral to ischiocavernosus muscles.
    • Isciocavernosus muscles are enormous, swelling on either side of the rectum and meeting over its top.
  • Penis points caudally when relaxed and cranially when erect.
    • 5cm in length
    • Sigmoid flexure
    • Os penis in the distal portion.

Female

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