Difference between revisions of "Embryo Transfer - Anatomy & Physiology"

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<big><center>[[Reproductive System|'''BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM''']]</center></big>
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<big><center>[[Reproductive_System#Reproductive_Technologies|'''BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES''']]</center></big>
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== Introduction ==
 
== Introduction ==
  
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Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer has been commercially available since the 1970s, but not widely used because it requires a highly skilled team.
 
 
== Synchronization of Recipients with the Donor ==
 
== Synchronization of Recipients with the Donor ==
  
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* GOAL: To synchronize the donor and recipient to be in the same stage of the [[Oestrous Cycle - Anatomy & Physiology|oestrous cycle]].
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* GOAL: To synchronize the donor and recipient to be in the same stage of the [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-Oestrous_Cycle_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|oestrous cycle]].
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* REASON: To prepare the [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|uterus]] of the recipient to support [[Blastocyst Embryonic Development - Anatomy & Physiology|preattachment embryogenesis]].  
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* REASON: To prepare the [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Uterus_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|uterus]] of the recipient to support [[Fertilisation%2C_Implantation_and_Early_Embryonic_Development_-Embryonic_Development_of_the_Blastocyst-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|preattachment embryogenesis]].  
 
* HOW: Treat recipient with a hormonal regime that induces oestrus to occur at the same time as the donor.
 
* HOW: Treat recipient with a hormonal regime that induces oestrus to occur at the same time as the donor.
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== Superovulation of the Donor ==
 
== Superovulation of the Donor ==
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* GOAL: To hyperstimulate [[Ovary - Anatomy & Physiology|ovaries]] with gonadotrophins.
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* GOAL: To hyperstimulate ovaries with gonadotrophins.
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* REASON: To provide higher than normal numbers of [[Follicles - Anatomy & Physiology|follicles]] that reach dominance and [[Ovulation - Anatomy & Physiology|ovulate]].
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* REASON: To provide higher than normal numbers of follicles that reach dominance and ovulate.
 
* HOW: Inject donor with gonadotrophins to hyperstimulate follicular development.  Generally '''FSH''' or one of its analogs is used.
 
* HOW: Inject donor with gonadotrophins to hyperstimulate follicular development.  Generally '''FSH''' or one of its analogs is used.
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== Inseminating the Donor ==
 
== Inseminating the Donor ==
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* GOAL: Inseminate donor with semen from genetically superior bulls. To generate the best [[Fertilisation - Anatomy & Physiology|fertilisation]] rates and genetic combinations possible.     
 
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* REASON: Enhance rate of genetic progress.
 
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* HOW: Use highly fertile semen and well-trained, experienced inseminators.
 
  
 
== Recovery and Identification of Viable Embryos ==
 
== Recovery and Identification of Viable Embryos ==
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* GOAL: To nonsurgically collect (flush) embryos from the donor to transfer.
 
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* REASON: To recover viable embryos.
 
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* HOW:
 
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** Before the procedure is started, a local anaesthetic is injected to cause relaxation of the [[Rectum_- Anatomy & Physiology|rectum]]. 
 
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** At day 6-8 a specialized catheter has a small balloon that can be inflated to prevent retrogade flow of the flushing medium.
 
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** A flushing medium is then introduced into the [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|uterus]], lavaged and returned through the catheter to a collection vessel.
 
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== Transfer of Viable Embryos into Synchronised Recipients ==
 
== Transfer of Viable Embryos into Synchronised Recipients ==
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* GOAL: To deposit a potentially viable embryo into the uterine horn of each recipient.
 
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* REASON: To achieve pregnancy in each recipient.
 
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* HOW:
 
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** Both donor and recipient have a [[Corpus Luteum - Anatomy & Physiology|corpus luteum]] at similar stages of leutinization.
 
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** [[Uterus - Anatomy & Physiology|Uterine environment]] in the donor and recipient are quite similar.
 
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** A single embryo is placed into the uterine horn using a transfer pipette.
 
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[[Category:Reproductive Technologies]]
 
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[[Category:Bullet Points]]
 

Revision as of 14:19, 16 July 2008

BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
BACK TO REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES


Introduction

Synchronization of Recipients with the Donor

  • GOAL: To synchronize the donor and recipient to be in the same stage of the oestrous cycle.
  • REASON: To prepare the uterus of the recipient to support preattachment embryogenesis.
  • HOW: Treat recipient with a hormonal regime that induces oestrus to occur at the same time as the donor.

Superovulation of the Donor

  • GOAL: To hyperstimulate ovaries with gonadotrophins.
  • REASON: To provide higher than normal numbers of follicles that reach dominance and ovulate.
  • HOW: Inject donor with gonadotrophins to hyperstimulate follicular development. Generally FSH or one of its analogs is used.

Inseminating the Donor

Recovery and Identification of Viable Embryos

Transfer of Viable Embryos into Synchronised Recipients

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