Changes

Also known as: '''''PPID — Equine Cushing's Disease — Equine Cushing's-like Disease — Equine Cushings Syndrome — Pituitary-dependent Hyperadrenocorticism — Pituitary Adenoma'''''

Also known as: '''''PPID — EPPID — Equine Cushing's Disease — Equine Cushing's-like Disease — Equine Cushings Syndrome — Pituitary-dependent Hyperadrenocorticism — Pituitary Adenoma'''''

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

==Clinical Signs==

==Clinical Signs==

'''Presenting signs include''': '''weight loss or muscle wasting''', decreased muscle tone, abnormal bulging of supraorbital fat pads: catabolism promoted

'''Presenting signs include''': '''weight loss or muscle wasting''', decreased muscle tone, abnormal bulging of supraorbital fat pads.

A '''thick, long and wavy hair coat''' with an abnormal shedding pattern is evident in 85% of affected horses. This sign is often preceded by months to years of subtle coat variations, such as patchy slow shedding during late spring or delayed shedding with alopecia.

A '''thick, long and wavy hair coat''' with an abnormal shedding pattern is evident in 85% of affected horses. This sign is often preceded by months to years of subtle coat variations, such as patchy slow shedding during late spring or delayed shedding with alopecia.

'''Chronic recurrent skin, pulmonary, urinary, or sinus infections''': due to immunosuppression

'''Chronic recurrent skin, pulmonary, urinary, or sinus infections''': due to immunosuppression

'''Vision disturbances''': central effects

'''Vision disturbances''': due to pressure of the expanding pituitary mass on the optic nerve.

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnosis==

'''Plasma cortisol concentration''' can be measures but there is a wide variation in normal values and it is not useful in diagnosing the condition.

'''Plasma cortisol concentration''' can be measured but there is a wide variation in normal values and it is not useful in diagnosing the condition.

'''The dexamethasone suppression test''' is the gold standard for diagnosis of the disease. Plasma cortisol samples are taken before and after dexamethasone administration. Normal horses will show a level of cortisol below 1 μg/dL 19 hours after dexamethasone administration, whereas affected horses will show a small degree of suppression in cortisol levels, but not to the level of normal horses, and levels also rebound more quickly.

'''The dexamethasone suppression test''' is the gold standard for diagnosis of the disease. Plasma cortisol samples are taken before and after dexamethasone administration. Normal horses will show a level of cortisol below 1 μg/dL 19 hours after dexamethasone administration, whereas affected horses will show a small degree of suppression in cortisol levels, but not to the level of normal horses, and levels also rebound more quickly.

{{review}}

{{review}}

[[Category:Endocrine Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Endocrine Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Expert Review - Horse]]

[[Category:Expert Review - Horse]]