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Also known as: '''''EIA, Swamp Fever

Also known as: '''''EIA, Swamp Fever

The 'gold standard' for diagnostic confirmation is an '''agar gel immunodiffusion test (the Coggins test)''' which detects serum antibodies against the EIA virus. The test is 95% accurate for the diagnosis of EIA but false positives may be obtained from foals that have absorbed colostrum from affected mares and false negatives may occur during the acute stages of EIA. The Coggins test may be performed in combination with an '''[[ELISA]]''' or '''PCR''' test in order to increase the test sensitivity.  

The 'gold standard' for diagnostic confirmation is an '''agar gel immunodiffusion test (the Coggins test)''' which detects serum antibodies against the EIA virus. The test is 95% accurate for the diagnosis of EIA but false positives may be obtained from foals that have absorbed colostrum from affected mares and false negatives may occur during the acute stages of EIA. The Coggins test may be performed in combination with an '''[[ELISA]]''' or '''PCR''' test in order to increase the test sensitivity.  

Additionally, haematology may reveal a moderate to marked anaemia, leukopaenia and bilirubinaemia. Mild thrombocytopaenia is common in the acute phase of infection.

Additionally, haematology may reveal a moderate to marked [[Regenerative and Non-Regenerative Anaemias|anaemia]], leukopaenia and [[Bilirubin|bilirubinaemia]]. Mild [[Platelet Abnormalities|thrombocytopaenia]] is common in the acute phase of infection.

==Treatment==

==Treatment==

Foals exposed to EIAV have a high fatality rate but generally horses recover from the disease, becoming lifelong inapparent carriers. Relapse of the disease may occur during times of stress or illness. The current UK control measures dictate that confirmed cases of EIA carry a grave prognosis.  

Foals exposed to EIAV have a high fatality rate but generally horses recover from the disease, becoming lifelong inapparent carriers. Relapse of the disease may occur during times of stress or illness. The current UK control measures dictate that confirmed cases of EIA carry a grave prognosis.  

[[File:CABI logo.jpg|left|90px]]

|literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=((title:(%22swamp+fever%22))+OR+(title:(%22Equine+Infectious%22+)+AND+(title:(Anaemia)+OR+title:(Anemia)))+OR+(title:(EIA)))+AND+od:(horses)&occuring1=freetext&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&publishedstart=2000&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all&x=50&y=8 Equine Infectious Anaemia publications since 2000]

 

 

[http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?rowId=1&options1=AND&q1=((title:(%22swamp+fever%22))+OR+(title:(%22Equine+Infectious%22+)+AND+(title:(Anaemia)+OR+title:(Anemia)))+OR+(title:(EIA)))+AND+od:(horses)&occuring1=freetext&rowId=2&options2=AND&q2=&occuring2=freetext&rowId=3&options3=AND&q3=&occuring3=freetext&publishedstart=2000&publishedend=yyyy&calendarInput=yyyy-mm-dd&la=any&it=any&show=all&x=50&y=8 Equine Infectious Anaemia publications since 2000]

==References==

==References==

*Jain, N. C. (1993) '''Essentials of Veterinary Haematology''' ''Wiley-Blackwell''

*Jain, N. C. (1993) '''Essentials of Veterinary Haematology''' ''Wiley-Blackwell''

*Lavoie, J. P., Hinchcliff, K. W. (2009) '''Blackwell's Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Equine''' ''John Wiley and Sons''

*Lavoie, J. P., Hinchcliff, K. W. (2009) '''Blackwell's Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Equine''' ''John Wiley and Sons''

[[Category:Lentiviruses]][[Category:Horse Viruses]]

[[Category:Lentiviruses]][[Category:Horse Viruses]]

[[Category:Cardiovascular_Disorders_-_Horse]]

[[Category:Lymphoreticular and Haematopoietic Diseases - Horse]]

[[Category:Anaemia]]

[[Category:Anaemia|4]]

[[Category:Expert Review]]

[[Category:Expert Review]]