Changes

==Introduction==

==Introduction==

The thyroid gland lies in the neck, in front of the upper part of the trachea.  Two types of hormones are produced, which are the iodine containing hormones; '''tri-iodothyronine'''(T3) and '''thyroxine''' (T4). Thyroid hormones regulate the basal metabolic rate and are important in the regulation of growth of tissues, particularly nervous tissue. Release stimulated by TSH from the pituitary. The second type of hormone produced from the thyroid gland is '''[[calcitonin]]''', which regulates blood calcium levels along with parathyroid hormone and acts to reduce blood calcium by inhibiting its removal from bone.   

The thyroid gland lies in the neck, in front of the upper part of the trachea.  Two types of hormones are produced, which are the iodine containing hormones; '''tri-iodothyronine'''(T3) and '''thyroxine''' (T4). Thyroid hormones regulate the basal metabolic rate and are important in the regulation of growth of tissues, particularly nervous tissue. Release stimulated by TSH from the pituitary. The second type of hormone produced from the thyroid gland is '''[[calcitonin]]''', which regulates blood calcium levels along with parathyroid hormone and acts to reduce blood calcium by inhibiting its removal from bone.   

:Finally, in the [[Alimentary System Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|'''alimentary system''']], thyroid hormone increases appetite and feed intake, increases secretion of [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|pancreatic]] enzymes and increases motility.

:Finally, in the [[Alimentary System Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|'''alimentary system''']], thyroid hormone increases appetite and feed intake, increases secretion of [[Pancreas - Anatomy & Physiology|pancreatic]] enzymes and increases motility.

===Influence of external factors===

===Influence of External Factors===

'''Euthyroid sick syndrome''': concurrent disease such as starvation, sepsis, trauma or stress can cause a depression in basal thyroid levels as a normal response, to minimise the catabolic effects of thyroid hormones.

'''Euthyroid sick syndrome''': concurrent disease such as starvation, sepsis, trauma or stress can cause a depression in basal thyroid levels as a normal response, to minimise the catabolic effects of thyroid hormones.

This occurs in many species and may lead to false diagnoses of hypothyroidism or a missed diagnosis of hyperthyroidism.

This occurs in many species and may lead to false diagnoses of [[hypothyroidism]] or a missed diagnosis of [[hyperthyroidism]].

<u>'''In horses'''</u>, many factors influence the level of T3 and T4:

<u>'''In horses'''</u>, many factors influence the level of T3 and T4:

{{Template:Learning

{{Template:Learning

|flashcards = [[Thyroid_Gland_Flash_Cards_- Anatomy & Physiology|Thyroid Gland]]

|flashcards = [[Thyroid_Gland_Flash_Cards_- Anatomy & Physiology|Thyroid Gland]]<br>[[Equine Internal Medicine Q&A 21]]

|powerpoints = [[Endocrine Histology resource|Histology of the Endocrine system]]

|powerpoints = [[Endocrine Histology resource|Histology of the Endocrine system]]

}}

}}

 

{{review}}

{{review}}

[[Category:Endocrine System - Anatomy & Physiology]]

[[Category:Endocrine System - Anatomy & Physiology]]

[[Category:A&P Done]]

[[Category:A&P Done]]