Difference between revisions of "Ureters - Anatomy & Physiology"
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| − | {{ | + | {{toplink |
| + | |backcolour = C1F0F6 | ||
| + | |linkpage =Urinary System - Anatomy & Physiology | ||
| + | |linktext =URINARY SYSTEM | ||
| + | |maplink = Urinary System (Content Map) - Anatomy & Physiology | ||
| + | |pagetype =Anatomy | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | <br> | ||
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[Image:ureterhistoanat.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]] | [[Image:ureterhistoanat.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]] | ||
[[Image:ureterhistoanat2.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]] | [[Image:ureterhistoanat2.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]] | ||
| − | The ureters convey urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder. There are two of them | + | The ureters convey urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder. There are two of them one for each kidney and they are muscular tubes which pass retroperitoneally. They can be subdivided into abdominal and pelvic portions based on the area of the body they pass through. As it enters the pelvis it moves medially in the broad ligament of the female or the genital fold of the male. It ends at its junction on the dorsolateral surface of the bladder within the lateral ligament. |
==Wall== | ==Wall== | ||
| − | * It has | + | * It has a mucous membrane |
| − | ** It is formed from | + | ** It is formed from transitory epithelium |
** Protects against urine | ** Protects against urine | ||
| + | * Under that is a lamina propria | ||
* Followed by a muscularis layer | * Followed by a muscularis layer | ||
| − | + | * And finally on the outside an adventitia | |
| − | * And finally an | + | |
| − | ==Junction | + | ==Junction With the Bladder== |
| − | * The ureter enters the bladder obliquely | + | * The ureter enters the bladder obliquely |
* Runs between the muscular layers and mucosa | * Runs between the muscular layers and mucosa | ||
| − | * This stops back flow when the bladder is full as increasing pressure in the [[ | + | * This stops back flow when the bladder is full as increasing pressure in the [[Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology | bladder]] pushes the two layers together occluding the ends of the ureters. |
* They open through 2 slits on a raised "hillock" | * They open through 2 slits on a raised "hillock" | ||
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<DL> | <DL> | ||
| − | <DT>Renal | + | <DT>Renal pelivs and proximal ureter |
<DD>Renal artery | <DD>Renal artery | ||
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Lumbar lymph nodes | Lumbar lymph nodes | ||
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Revision as of 09:41, 22 August 2008
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Overview
The ureters convey urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder. There are two of them one for each kidney and they are muscular tubes which pass retroperitoneally. They can be subdivided into abdominal and pelvic portions based on the area of the body they pass through. As it enters the pelvis it moves medially in the broad ligament of the female or the genital fold of the male. It ends at its junction on the dorsolateral surface of the bladder within the lateral ligament.
Wall
- It has a mucous membrane
- It is formed from transitory epithelium
- Protects against urine
- Under that is a lamina propria
- Followed by a muscularis layer
- And finally on the outside an adventitia
Junction With the Bladder
- The ureter enters the bladder obliquely
- Runs between the muscular layers and mucosa
- This stops back flow when the bladder is full as increasing pressure in the bladder pushes the two layers together occluding the ends of the ureters.
- They open through 2 slits on a raised "hillock"
Movement of Urine
The movement of urine along the ureters is achieved by peristalsis which is powered by locally regulated smooth muscle. This maintains a low pressure in the renal pelvis.
Vascular Supply
- Renal pelivs and proximal ureter
- Renal artery
- Distal ureter
- Cranial vesicular artery and the vaginal (female) / prostatic (male)
Lymphatic Drainage
Lumbar lymph nodes