Difference between revisions of "Ureters - Anatomy & Physiology"

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|linktext =URINARY SYSTEM
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==Overview==
 
==Overview==
 
[[Image:ureterhistoanat.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]]
 
[[Image:ureterhistoanat.jpg|right|thumb|300px|<small><center>Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)</center></small>]]
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==Wall==
 
==Wall==
  
* It has an internal mucosa layer
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* It has a mucous membrane
** It is formed from transitional epithelium
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** It is formed from transitory epithelium
 
** Protects against urine
 
** Protects against urine
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* Under that is a lamina propria
 
* Followed by a muscularis layer
 
* Followed by a muscularis layer
** This is well developed for peristalsis, though can enter into spasm on irritation
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* And finally on the outside an adventitia
* And finally an external adventitia
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==Junction with the Bladder==
 
==Junction with the Bladder==
  
* The ureter enters the bladder obliquely near the neck of the bladder
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* The ureter enters the bladder obliquely
 
* Runs between the muscular layers and mucosa
 
* Runs between the muscular layers and mucosa
* This stops back flow when the bladder is full as increasing pressure in the [[Urinary Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology|urinary bladder]]
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* This stops back flow when the bladder is full as increasing pressure in the [[Bladder - Anatomy & Physiology | bladder]] pushes the two layers together occluding the ends of the ureters.
 
* They open through 2 slits on a raised "hillock"
 
* They open through 2 slits on a raised "hillock"
  
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Lumbar lymph nodes
 
Lumbar lymph nodes
 
==Revision==
 
 
{{Template:Learning
 
|flashcards = Use the [[Ureters - Renal Flash Cards - Anatomy & Physiology|flash card revision resource]] for this section to test yourself.
 
|dragster = [[Canine Urinary Radiographical Anatomy Resources (I & II)|Canine Intravenous Ureterogram Radiographic Anatomy (I)]]
 
}}
 
 
{{OpenPages}}
 
[[Category:Lower Urinary Tract - Anatomy & Physiology]]
 

Revision as of 10:54, 1 September 2008

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()Map URINARY SYSTEM (Map)




Overview

Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)
Histology section of a normal ureter (© RVC 2008)

The ureters convey urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder. There are two of them, one for each kidney. The ureters run retroperitoneally along the roof of the abdominal cavity and then enters the pelvis. Once entering the pelvis it moves medially in the broad ligament of the female or the genital fold of the male. It ends at its junction on the dorsolateral surface of the bladder within the lateral ligament.

Wall

  • It has a mucous membrane
    • It is formed from transitory epithelium
    • Protects against urine
  • Under that is a lamina propria
  • Followed by a muscularis layer
  • And finally on the outside an adventitia


Junction with the Bladder

  • The ureter enters the bladder obliquely
  • Runs between the muscular layers and mucosa
  • This stops back flow when the bladder is full as increasing pressure in the bladder pushes the two layers together occluding the ends of the ureters.
  • They open through 2 slits on a raised "hillock"

Movement of Urine

The movement of urine along the ureters is achieved by peristalsis which is powered by locally regulated smooth muscle. This maintains a low pressure in the renal pelvis.

Vascular Supply

Renal pelvis and proximal ureter
Renal artery
Distal ureter
Cranial vesicular artery and the vaginal (female) / prostatic (male)

Lymphatic Drainage

Lumbar lymph nodes