Difference between revisions of "Embryo Transfer - Anatomy & Physiology"
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| + | {{toplink | ||
| + | |backcolour =EED2EE | ||
| + | |linkpage =Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology | ||
| + | |linktext =Reproductive System | ||
| + | |maplink = Reproductive System (Content Map) - Anatomy & Physiology | ||
| + | |pagetype =Anatomy | ||
| + | |sublink1=Reproductive System - Anatomy & Physiology#Reproductive Technologies | ||
| + | |subtext1=REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | <br> | ||
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
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== Synchronization of Recipients with the Donor == | == Synchronization of Recipients with the Donor == | ||
| − | * GOAL: To synchronize the donor and recipient to be in the same stage of the [[ | + | * GOAL: To synchronize the donor and recipient to be in the same stage of the [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-Oestrous_Cycle_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|oestrous cycle]]. |
| − | * REASON: To prepare the [[ | + | * REASON: To prepare the [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Uterus_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|uterus]] of the recipient to support [[Fertilisation%2C_Implantation_and_Early_Embryonic_Development_-Embryonic_Development_of_the_Blastocyst-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|preattachment embryogenesis]]. |
* HOW: Treat recipient with a hormonal regime that induces oestrus to occur at the same time as the donor. | * HOW: Treat recipient with a hormonal regime that induces oestrus to occur at the same time as the donor. | ||
== Superovulation of the Donor == | == Superovulation of the Donor == | ||
| − | * GOAL: To hyperstimulate [[ | + | * GOAL: To hyperstimulate [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Ovary_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|ovaries]] with gonadotrophins. |
| − | * REASON: To provide higher than normal numbers of [[ | + | * REASON: To provide higher than normal numbers of [[The_Ovary_-_Follicles_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|follicles]] that reach dominance and [[The_Ovary_-_Ovulation_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|ovulate]]. |
* HOW: Inject donor with gonadotrophins to hyperstimulate follicular development. Generally '''FSH''' or one of its analogs is used. | * HOW: Inject donor with gonadotrophins to hyperstimulate follicular development. Generally '''FSH''' or one of its analogs is used. | ||
== Inseminating the Donor == | == Inseminating the Donor == | ||
| − | * GOAL: Inseminate donor with semen from genetically superior bulls. To generate the best [[Fertilisation - | + | * GOAL: Inseminate donor with semen from genetically superior bulls. To generate the best [[Fertilisation%2C_Implantation_and_Early_Embryonic_Development_-Fertilisation-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|fertilisation]] rates and genetic combinations possible. |
* REASON: Enhance rate of genetic progress. | * REASON: Enhance rate of genetic progress. | ||
* HOW: Use highly fertile semen and well-trained, experienced inseminators. | * HOW: Use highly fertile semen and well-trained, experienced inseminators. | ||
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* REASON: To recover viable embryos. | * REASON: To recover viable embryos. | ||
* HOW: | * HOW: | ||
| − | ** Before the procedure is started, a local anaesthetic is injected to cause relaxation of the [[Rectum_- | + | ** Before the procedure is started, a local anaesthetic is injected to cause relaxation of the [[Rectum_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|rectum]]. |
** At day 6-8 a specialized catheter has a small balloon that can be inflated to prevent retrogade flow of the flushing medium. | ** At day 6-8 a specialized catheter has a small balloon that can be inflated to prevent retrogade flow of the flushing medium. | ||
| − | ** A flushing medium is then introduced into the [[ | + | ** A flushing medium is then introduced into the [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Uterus_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|uterus]], lavaged and returned through the catheter to a collection vessel. |
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* REASON: To achieve pregnancy in each recipient. | * REASON: To achieve pregnancy in each recipient. | ||
* HOW: | * HOW: | ||
| − | ** Both donor and recipient have a [[ | + | ** Both donor and recipient have a [[The_Ovary_-Corpus_Luteum_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|corpus luteum]] at similar stages of leutinization. |
| − | ** [[ | + | ** [[Female_Reproductive_Tract_-The_Uterus_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology|Uterine environment]] in the donor and recipient are quite similar. |
** A single embryo is placed into the uterine horn using a transfer pipette. | ** A single embryo is placed into the uterine horn using a transfer pipette. | ||
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Revision as of 11:59, 3 September 2008
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Introduction
Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer has been commercially available since the 1970s, but not widely used because it requires a highly skilled team.
Synchronization of Recipients with the Donor
- GOAL: To synchronize the donor and recipient to be in the same stage of the oestrous cycle.
- REASON: To prepare the uterus of the recipient to support preattachment embryogenesis.
- HOW: Treat recipient with a hormonal regime that induces oestrus to occur at the same time as the donor.
Superovulation of the Donor
- GOAL: To hyperstimulate ovaries with gonadotrophins.
- REASON: To provide higher than normal numbers of follicles that reach dominance and ovulate.
- HOW: Inject donor with gonadotrophins to hyperstimulate follicular development. Generally FSH or one of its analogs is used.
Inseminating the Donor
- GOAL: Inseminate donor with semen from genetically superior bulls. To generate the best fertilisation rates and genetic combinations possible.
- REASON: Enhance rate of genetic progress.
- HOW: Use highly fertile semen and well-trained, experienced inseminators.
Recovery and Identification of Viable Embryos
- GOAL: To nonsurgically collect (flush) embryos from the donor to transfer.
- REASON: To recover viable embryos.
- HOW:
- Before the procedure is started, a local anaesthetic is injected to cause relaxation of the rectum.
- At day 6-8 a specialized catheter has a small balloon that can be inflated to prevent retrogade flow of the flushing medium.
- A flushing medium is then introduced into the uterus, lavaged and returned through the catheter to a collection vessel.
Transfer of Viable Embryos into Synchronised Recipients
- GOAL: To deposit a potentially viable embryo into the uterine horn of each recipient.
- REASON: To achieve pregnancy in each recipient.
- HOW:
- Both donor and recipient have a corpus luteum at similar stages of leutinization.
- Uterine environment in the donor and recipient are quite similar.
- A single embryo is placed into the uterine horn using a transfer pipette.