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| − | ===Actions and Tools of the Innate Immune System===
| + | {{toplink |
| − | <FlashCard questions="14">
| + | |backcolour = f5fffa |
| − | |q1=True or False: The innate immune system responds quicker to infection than the adaptive immune system
| + | |linkpage =Innate Immune System - WikiBlood |
| − | |a1=True | + | |linktext =INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM |
| − | |l1=Innate Immune System - Introduction | + | |sublink1 =Flash Cards - WikiBlood |
| − | |q2=Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are expressed by which type of cells? | + | |subtext1 =WIKIBLOOD FLASHCARDS |
| − | |a2= | + | |pagetype =Blood |
| − | *Lipopolysaccharides or Gram Negative bacteria
| + | }} |
| − | *Peptidoglycans of gram-positive bacteria
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| − | *Mannose sugars
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| − | *D-isoform amino acids
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| − | |l2=Recognition of Microorganisms
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| − | |q3=What recognises PAMPs?
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| − | |a3=Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)
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| − | |l3=Recognition of Microorganisms
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| − | |q4=Where in the cell are Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) located? | |
| − | |a4=Cell membrane | |
| − | |l4=Recognition of Microorganisms
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| − | |q5=Where in the cell are NOD2 receptors located?
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| − | |a5=Cell cytoplasm
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| − | |l5=Recognition of Microorganisms
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| − | |q6=Which catabolic enzymes digest microbes after phagocytosis?
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| − | |a6=
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| − | *Glycosidases
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| − | *Lipases
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| − | *Proteases
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| − | |l6=Phagocytosis
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| − | |q7=True or False: Lysosomes do not use energy when they kill microbes
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| − | |a7=
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| − | *False
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| − | *Lysosomes fuse with phagosomes, killing microbes in an energy-dependent way
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| − | |l7=Phagocytosis
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| − | |q8=Name two physical barriers of the innate immune system
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| − | |a8=
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| − | *Skin
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| − | *Mucous membranes
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| − | |l8=Innate Immunity Barriers
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| − | |q9=Name 3 biochemical barriers of the innate immune system
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| − | |a9=
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| − | *Lactic and fatty acids
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| − | *Enzymes
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| − | *Mucous
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| − | |l9=Innate Immunity Barriers
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| − | |q10=What is the function of commensal organisms?
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| − | |a10=
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| − | *Produce natural antibiotics
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| − | *Outcompete pathogens at epithelial and mucosal surfaces
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| − | |l10=Innate Immunity Barriers
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| − | |q11=Complete the sentence about commensal organisms:
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| − | <p>When commensals are disturbed, infection with ??? organisms is ???</p>
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| − | |a11=
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| − | *opportunistic
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| − | *increased
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| − | |l11=Innate Immunity Barriers
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| − | |q12=Name the three main humoral factors and their principal action
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| − | |a12=
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| − | *Lysozyme
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| − | **Digests bacterial cell walls
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| − | *Complement
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| − | **Promotes phagocytosis or lysis of invading organisms
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| − | *Interferons
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| − | **Make uninfected cells resistant to infection and enhances expression of MHC molecules
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| − | |l12=Humoral Factors of Innate Immune System
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| − | |q13=Which granulocytes are components of the innate immune response to infection?
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| − | |a13=
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| − | *Neutrophils
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| − | *Eosinophils
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| − | *Basophils/mast cells
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| − | |l13=Innate Immunity Cellular Responses
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| − | |q14=Which other cells are components of the innate immune response to infection?
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| − | |a14=Monocytes
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| − | *Tissue mast cells
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| − | *Macrophages
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| − | |l14=Innate Immunity Cellular Responses
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| − | </FlashCard>
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| − | ===Innate Immunity to Viruses===
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| − | <FlashCard questions="4">
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| − | |q1=What is the main element of a viral attack which the innate immune system can recognise?
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| − | |a1=Double stranded RNA (dsRNA)
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| − | |l1=Innate Immunity to Viruses
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| − | |q2=Where are TLR3's located in the cell and what do they recognise?
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| − | |a2=
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| − | *Cell surface
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| − | *Double stranded RNA (dsRNA)
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| − | |l2=Innate Immunity to Viruses
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| − | |q3=What are the funtions of Type I Interferon production in response to a viral attack?
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| − | |a3=
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| − | *Increases mRNA degredation
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| − | *Inhibits protein synthesis
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| − | *Increases antigen presentation to antibody
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| − | |l3=Innate Immunity to Viruses
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| − | |q4=Which cells are produced as the final line of response to viral attack and which cells do they target?
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| − | |a4=
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| − | *Natural Killer cells (NK cells)
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| − | *Targets cells with decreased levels of MHC on their surface
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| − | |l4=Innate Immunity to Viruses
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| − | </FlashCard>
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| − | ===Innate Immunity to Bacteria===
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| − | <FlashCard questions="2">
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| − | |q1=What effects does the release of inflammatory cytokines have on the infected area?
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| − | |a1=
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| − | *White blood cell influx
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| − | *Vasodilation
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| − | *Increase in vascular permeability
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| − | *Sustains a rise in core temperature
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| − | *Mediates the release of acute phase proteins from the liver
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| − | *Mediates bone marrow mobilisation
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| − | |l1=Innate Immunity to Bacteria
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| − | |q2=Which cell is the most important effector cell in the innate response to bacterial infection?
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| − | |a2=Neutrophils
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| − | |l2=Innate Immunity to Bacteria
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| − | </FlashCard>
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| | | | |
| − | <br><br> | + | ==<font color="purple">Heading</font>== |
| − | {{Jim Bee 2007}} | + | {| border="3" cellpadding="8" |
| − | [[Category:Immunology Flashcards]] | + | !width="400"|'''Question''' |
| − | [[Category:Innate Immune System|Z]]
| + | !width="400"|'''Answer''' |
| | + | !width="150"|'''Article''' |
| | + | |- |
| | + | |<big>'''Name the ...''' |
| | + | ||<font color="white"> <big> |
| | + | *'''''Text here''''' |
| | + | ||[[Primary Lymphoid Tissue - Anatomy & Physiology|<span title="Answer article">Link to Answer Article</span>]] |
| | + | |} |
